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# Send Multisig Transactions

## Overview

This guide creates a 2-of-2 multisig, prepares one request, and collects each owner approval
independently. The same flow works for the first and every subsequent transaction.

## Recipes

These recipes assume you have [set up a Tempo client](/tempo) and funded the derived multisig
address with a fee token.

### Create the Account

Use owner addresses when each owner signs in a separate wallet, device, or service.

```ts twoslash
import { Account } from 'viem/tempo'

const owner_1 = Account.fromSecp256k1(
  '0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80'
)
const owner_2 = Account.fromSecp256k1(
  '0x59c6995e998f97a5a0044966f0945389dc9e86dae88c7a8412f4603b6b78690d'
)

const account = Account.fromMultisig({
  owners: [owner_1.address, owner_2.address],
  threshold: 2,
})
```

### Prepare, Sign, and Send

:::code-group
```ts twoslash [example.ts]
import { Account } from 'viem/tempo'
import {
  prepareTransactionRequest,
  sendTransaction,
  signTransaction,
} from 'viem/actions'
import { client } from './viem.config'

const owner_1 = Account.fromSecp256k1(
  '0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80'
)
const owner_2 = Account.fromSecp256k1(
  '0x59c6995e998f97a5a0044966f0945389dc9e86dae88c7a8412f4603b6b78690d'
)
const account = Account.fromMultisig({
  owners: [owner_1.address, owner_2.address],
  threshold: 2,
})

// Prepare once with the multisig account as the sender.
const request = await prepareTransactionRequest(client, {
  account,
  calls: [
    { to: '0xcafebabecafebabecafebabecafebabecafebabe', value: 1n },
  ],
})

// Each owner signs the same prepared request independently.
const signatures = await Promise.all(
  [owner_1, owner_2].map((owner) =>
    signTransaction(client, { ...request, account: owner })
  )
)

// The prepared request already carries the multisig account.
const hash = await sendTransaction(client, {
  ...request,
  signatures,
})
```

```ts twoslash [viem.config.ts] filename="viem.config.ts"
// [!include ~/snippets/tempo/viem.config.ts:setup]
```
:::

The first transaction includes the initial config automatically. On subsequent requests, Viem
reads the current config version during preparation. You do not need to provide an initialization
flag, version, or signature count.

### Aggregate Local Owners

For scripts and test environments that hold every owner locally, pass the owner accounts directly.
The multisig account can then collect their approvals during `signTransaction`.

:::code-group
```ts twoslash [example.ts]
import { Account } from 'viem/tempo'
import {
  prepareTransactionRequest,
  sendRawTransaction,
  signTransaction,
} from 'viem/actions'
import { client } from './viem.config'

const owner_1 = Account.fromSecp256k1(
  '0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80'
)
const owner_2 = Account.fromSecp256k1(
  '0x59c6995e998f97a5a0044966f0945389dc9e86dae88c7a8412f4603b6b78690d'
)
const account = Account.fromMultisig({
  owners: [owner_1, owner_2],
  threshold: 2,
})

const request = await prepareTransactionRequest(client, {
  account,
  to: '0xcafebabecafebabecafebabecafebabecafebabe',
  value: 1n,
})
const serializedTransaction = await signTransaction(client, request)
const hash = await sendRawTransaction(client, { serializedTransaction })
```

```ts twoslash [viem.config.ts] filename="viem.config.ts"
// [!include ~/snippets/tempo/viem.config.ts:setup]
```
:::

## Best Practices

### Sign Independently Across Trust Boundaries

Use independent owner signing when private keys live in separate wallets, devices, or services.
Only aggregate local owners when one trusted environment intentionally holds every signer.

### Do Not Modify a Signed Request

Every owner must sign the same prepared request. If any transaction field changes, prepare a new
request and collect every approval again.

## See More

<Cards>
  <Card icon="lucide:scale" title="Weighted Owners" description="Configure M-of-N approvals or assign different weights to owners." to="/tempo/guides/multisig/weighted-owners" />

  <Card icon="lucide:hand-coins" title="Sponsor Fees" description="Pay multisig transaction fees with a separate account." to="/tempo/guides/multisig/sponsor-fees" />

  <Card icon="lucide:wallet-cards" title="Account.fromMultisig" description="Create a native multisig account from its initial configuration." to="/tempo/accounts/account.fromMultisig" />
</Cards>