# Viem

> Build reliable Ethereum apps & libraries with lightweight, composable, & type-safe modules from viem.

## Docs

- [Getting Started with Account Abstraction](/account-abstraction): **[Account Abstraction (ERC-4337)](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4337)** is a proposal within the Ethereum ecosystem which aims to standardize Smart Contract Accounts (SCA) and their operations without the need to modify or upgrade the protocol.
- [Getting Started](/experimental): Viem provides a set of experimental features through the `viem/experimental` entrypoint. Such features could include:
- [Getting Started with OP Stack](/op-stack): Viem provides first-class support for chains implemented on the [OP Stack](https://docs.optimism.io/stack/getting-started).
- [Getting Started with ZKsync](/zksync): **Note:** This extension is maintained by ZKsync collaborators.
- [Platform Compatibility](/docs/compatibility): Platforms compatible with Viem
- [Error Handling](/docs/error-handling): Every module in viem exports an accompanying error type which you can use to strongly type your `catch` statements.
- [Ethers v5 → viem Migration Guide](/docs/ethers-migration): Migrate from Ethers v5 to viem
- [Frequently Asked Questions](/docs/faq): Frequently asked questions related to viem.
- [Getting Started](/docs/getting-started): Get started with viem in just a few lines of code.
- [Installation](/docs/installation): Install Viem via your package manager, a `<script>` tag, or build from source.
- [Why Viem](/docs/introduction): A brief preamble on why we built Viem
- [Migration Guide](/docs/migration-guide): If you are coming from an earlier version of `viem`, you will need to make sure to update the following APIs listed below.
- [TypeScript](/docs/typescript): TypeScript support for Viem
- [Client](/experimental/client): Setting up your Viem Client
- [EIP-7702 Overview](/experimental/eip7702): EIP-7702 is a proposal to add a new Transaction type to allow an EOA to designate a Smart Contract as its "implementation".
- [Chains](/op-stack/chains): The following Viem chains are implemented on the OP Stack:
- [Client](/op-stack/client): Setting up your Viem Client with the OP Stack
- [Chains](/zksync/chains): The following ZKsync chains are supported in Viem:
- [Client](/zksync/client): To use the ZKsync functionality of Viem, you must extend your existing (or new) Viem Client with ZKsync Actions.
- [Smart Accounts](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart): A **Smart Account** is an account whose implementation resides in a **Smart Contract**, and implements the [ERC-4337 interface](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4337#account-contract-interface).
- [WebAuthn Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/webauthn): A WebAuthn Account is nearly identical to a [Local Account](/docs/accounts/local), but with the following differences:
- [Bundler Client](/account-abstraction/clients/bundler): A function to create a Bundler Client.
- [Paymaster Client](/account-abstraction/clients/paymaster): A function to create a Paymaster Client.
- [Sending User Operations](/account-abstraction/guides/sending-user-operations): The guide below demonstrates how to send User Operations with a [Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart).
- [decodeAbiParameters](/docs/abi/decodeAbiParameters): Decodes ABI encoded data.
- [encodeAbiParameters](/docs/abi/encodeAbiParameters): Generates ABI encoded data using the [ABI specification](https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/abi-spec.html), given a set of ABI parameters (`inputs`/`outputs`) and their corresponding values.
- [encodePacked](/docs/abi/encodePacked): Generates [ABI non-standard packed encoded data](https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/v0.8.18/abi-spec#non-standard-packed-mode) given a set of solidity types compatible with packed encoding.
- [getAbiItem](/docs/abi/getAbiItem): Retrieves an item from the ABI.
- [parseAbi](/docs/abi/parseAbi): Parses human-readable ABI into JSON [`Abi`](/docs/glossary/types#abi). Re-exported from [ABIType](https://abitype.dev/api/human#parseabi-1).
- [parseAbiItem](/docs/abi/parseAbiItem): Parses human-readable ABI item (e.g. error, event, function) into ABI item. Re-exported from [ABIType](https://abitype.dev/api/human#parseabiitem-1).
- [parseAbiParameter](/docs/abi/parseAbiParameter): Parses human-readable ABI parameter into [`AbiParameter`](/docs/glossary/types#abiparameter). Re-exported from [ABIType](https://abitype.dev/api/human#parseabiparameter-1).
- [parseAbiParameters](/docs/abi/parseAbiParameters): Parses human-readable ABI parameters into [`AbiParameter`s](/docs/glossary/types#abiparameter). Re-exported from [ABIType](https://abitype.dev/api/human#parseabiparameters-1).
- [JSON-RPC Account](/docs/accounts/jsonRpc): A function to create a JSON-RPC Account.
- [Local Accounts (Private Key, Mnemonic, etc)](/docs/accounts/local): A Local Account is an Account whose signing keys are stored on the consuming user's machine. It performs signing of transactions & messages with a private key **before** broadcasting the transaction or message over JSON-RPC.
- [Celo](/docs/chains/celo): Integrating with Celo in Viem
- [Fees](/docs/chains/fees): Configure chain-based fee data in Viem
- [Formatters](/docs/chains/formatters): Configure chain-based formatters in Viem
- [Chains](/docs/chains/introduction): The `viem/chains` entrypoint contains references to popular EVM-compatible chains such as: Polygon, Optimism, Avalanche, Base, Zora, and more.
- [Serializers](/docs/chains/serializers): Configure chain-based serializers in Viem
- [ZKsync](/docs/chains/zksync): Integrating with ZKsync in Viem
- [Build your own Client](/docs/clients/custom): You can build your own viem Client by using the `createClient` function and optionally extending (`.extend`) it – this is how viem's internal Clients ([Public](/docs/clients/public), [Wallet](/docs/clients/wallet), and [Test](/docs/clients/test)) are built.
- [Introduction to Clients & Transports](/docs/clients/intro): A brief introduction to Clients & Transports.
- [Public Client](/docs/clients/public): A function to create a Public Client
- [Test Client](/docs/clients/test): A function to create a Test Client
- [Wallet Client](/docs/clients/wallet): A function to create a Wallet Client.
- [createContractEventFilter](/docs/contract/createContractEventFilter): Creates a Filter to retrieve contract event logs.
- [decodeDeployData](/docs/contract/decodeDeployData): Decodes ABI encoded deploy data (bytecode & arguments).
- [decodeErrorResult](/docs/contract/decodeErrorResult): Decodes reverted error from a contract function call.
- [decodeEventLog](/docs/contract/decodeEventLog): Decodes ABI encoded event topics & data (from an [Event Log](/docs/glossary/terms#event-log)) into an event name and structured arguments (both indexed & non-indexed).
- [decodeFunctionData](/docs/contract/decodeFunctionData): Decodes ABI encoded data (4 byte selector & arguments) into a function name and arguments.
- [decodeFunctionResult](/docs/contract/decodeFunctionResult): Decodes the result of a function call on a contract.
- [deployContract](/docs/contract/deployContract): Deploys a contract to the network, given bytecode & constructor arguments.
- [encodeDeployData](/docs/contract/encodeDeployData): Encodes deploy data (bytecode & constructor args) into an ABI encoded value.
- [encodeErrorResult](/docs/contract/encodeErrorResult): Encodes a reverted error from a function call. The opposite of [`decodeErrorResult`](/docs/contract/decodeErrorResult).
- [encodeEventTopics](/docs/contract/encodeEventTopics): Encodes an event (with optional arguments) into filter topics.
- [encodeFunctionData](/docs/contract/encodeFunctionData): Encodes the function name and parameters into an ABI encoded value (4 byte selector & arguments).
- [encodeFunctionResult](/docs/contract/encodeFunctionResult): Encodes structured return data into ABI encoded data. It is the opposite of [`decodeFunctionResult`](/docs/contract/decodeFunctionResult).
- [estimateContractGas](/docs/contract/estimateContractGas): Estimates the gas required to successfully execute a contract write function call.
- [getCode](/docs/contract/getCode): Retrieves the bytecode at an address.
- [Contract Instances](/docs/contract/getContract): A Contract Instance is a type-safe interface for performing contract-related actions with a specific ABI and address, created by the `getContract` function.
- [getContractEvents](/docs/contract/getContractEvents): Returns a list of contract **event logs** matching the provided parameters.
- [getStorageAt](/docs/contract/getStorageAt): Returns the value from a storage slot at a given address.
- [multicall](/docs/contract/multicall): Batches up multiple functions on a contract in a single call.
- [parseEventLogs](/docs/contract/parseEventLogs): Extracts & decodes logs matching the provided `abi` (and optional `eventName`) from a set of opaque logs.
- [readContract](/docs/contract/readContract): Calls a read-only function on a contract, and returns the response.
- [simulateContract](/docs/contract/simulateContract): Simulates & validates a contract interaction.
- [watchContractEvent](/docs/contract/watchContractEvent): Watches and returns emitted contract event logs.
- [writeContract](/docs/contract/writeContract): Executes a write function on a contract.
- [Errors](/docs/glossary/errors): Glossary of Errors in viem.
- [Terms](/docs/glossary/terms): Glossary of Terms in viem.
- [Types](/docs/glossary/types): Glossary of Types in viem.
- [Blob Transactions](/docs/guides/blob-transactions): Sending your first Blob Transaction with Viem.
- [blobsToCommitments](/docs/utilities/blobsToCommitments): Compute commitments from a list of blobs.
- [blobsToProofs](/docs/utilities/blobsToProofs): Compute the proofs for a list of blobs and their commitments.
- [commitmentToVersionedHash](/docs/utilities/commitmentToVersionedHash): Transform a commitment to it's versioned hash.
- [commitmentsToVersionedHashes](/docs/utilities/commitmentsToVersionedHashes): Transform a list of commitments to their versioned hashes.
- [compactSignatureToSignature](/docs/utilities/compactSignatureToSignature): Parses a [EIP-2098](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098) compact signature into signature format.
- [concat](/docs/utilities/concat): Concatenates a set of hex values or byte arrays.
- [defineKzg](/docs/utilities/defineKzg): Defines a [EIP-4844](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4844) compatible [KZG interface](https://notes.ethereum.org/@vbuterin/proto_danksharding_faq#How-%E2%80%9Ccomplicated%E2%80%9D-and-%E2%80%9Cnew%E2%80%9D-is-KZG). The KZG interface is used in the blob transaction signing process to generate KZG commitments & proofs.
- [extractChain](/docs/utilities/extractChain): Extracts a type-safe chain by ID from a set of chains.
- [formatEther](/docs/utilities/formatEther): Converts numerical wei to a string representation of ether.
- [formatGwei](/docs/utilities/formatGwei): Converts numerical wei to a string representation of gwei.
- [formatUnits](/docs/utilities/formatUnits): Divides a number by a given exponent of base 10 (10<sup>exponent</sup>), and formats it into a string representation of the number.
- [fromBase58](/docs/utilities/fromBase58): Coming soon.
- [fromBase64](/docs/utilities/fromBase64): Coming soon.
- [fromBlobs](/docs/utilities/fromBlobs): Transforms Viem-shaped blobs into the originating data.
- [fromBytes](/docs/utilities/fromBytes): Decodes a byte array to a string, hex value, boolean or number.
- [fromHex](/docs/utilities/fromHex): Decodes a hex value to a string, number or byte array.
- [fromRlp](/docs/utilities/fromRlp): Decodes a [Recursive-Length Prefix (RLP)](https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/data-structures-and-encoding/rlp) value into a decoded hex value or byte array.
- [getAddress](/docs/utilities/getAddress): Converts an address into an address that is [checksum encoded](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-55). Supports [EIP-1191](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1191).
- [getContractAddress](/docs/utilities/getContractAddress): Retrieves the contract address generated by the [`CREATE`](https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/a/68945) or [`CREATE2`](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1014) opcode – invoked after deploying a contract to the network.
- [hashMessage](/docs/utilities/hashMessage): Calculates an Ethereum-specific hash in [EIP-191 format](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191): `keccak256("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n" + len(message) + message))`.
- [hashTypedData](/docs/utilities/hashTypedData): Hashes EIP-712 typed data.
- [isAddress](/docs/utilities/isAddress): Checks if the address is valid. By default, it also verifies whether the address is in checksum format.
- [isAddressEqual](/docs/utilities/isAddressEqual): Checks if the given addresses (checksummed) are equal.
- [isBytes](/docs/utilities/isBytes): Checks whether the value is a byte array or not.
- [isErc6492Signature](/docs/utilities/isErc6492Signature): Checks whether the signature is in [ERC-6492](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6492) format.
- [isHex](/docs/utilities/isHex): Checks whether the value is a hex value or not.
- [keccak256](/docs/utilities/keccak256): Calculates the [Keccak256](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-3) hash of a byte array or hex value.
- [pad](/docs/utilities/pad): Pads a hex value or byte array with leading or trailing zeros.
- [parseCompactSignature](/docs/utilities/parseCompactSignature): Parses a hex formatted compact signature into a structured ("split") compact signature.
- [parseErc6492Signature](/docs/utilities/parseErc6492Signature): Parses a hex-formatted [ERC-6492](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6492) flavoured signature.
- [parseEther](/docs/utilities/parseEther): Converts a string representation of ether to numerical wei.
- [parseGwei](/docs/utilities/parseGwei): Converts a string representation of gwei to numerical wei.
- [parseSignature](/docs/utilities/parseSignature): Parses a hex formatted signature into a structured ("split") signature.
- [parseTransaction](/docs/utilities/parseTransaction): Parses a serialized RLP-encoded transaction. Supports signed & unsigned EIP-1559, EIP-2930 and Legacy Transactions.
- [parseUnits](/docs/utilities/parseUnits): Multiplies a string representation of a number by a given exponent of base 10 (10<sup>exponent</sup>).
- [recoverAddress](/docs/utilities/recoverAddress): Recovers the original signing address from a hash & signature.
- [recoverMessageAddress](/docs/utilities/recoverMessageAddress): Recovers the original signing address from a message & signature.
- [recoverPublicKey](/docs/utilities/recoverPublicKey): Recovers the original signing 64-byte public key from a hash & signature.
- [recoverTransactionAddress](/docs/utilities/recoverTransactionAddress): Recovers the original signing address from a transaction & signature.
- [recoverTypedDataAddress](/docs/utilities/recoverTypedDataAddress): Recovers the original signing address from EIP-712 typed data & signature.
- [ripemd160](/docs/utilities/ripemd160): Calculates the [Ripemd160](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RIPEMD) hash of a byte array or hex value.
- [serializeCompactSignature](/docs/utilities/serializeCompactSignature): Serializes a [EIP-2098](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098) compact signature into hex format.
- [serializeErc6492Signature](/docs/utilities/serializeErc6492Signature): Serializes a [ERC-6492](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6492) flavoured signature into hex format.
- [serializeSignature](/docs/utilities/serializeSignature): Serializes a structured signature into hex format.
- [serializeTransaction](/docs/utilities/serializeTransaction): Serializes a transaction object. Supports EIP-1559, EIP-2930, and Legacy transactions.
- [setupKzg](/docs/utilities/setupKzg): Sets up and defines a [EIP-4844](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4844) compatible [KZG interface](https://notes.ethereum.org/@vbuterin/proto_danksharding_faq#How-%E2%80%9Ccomplicated%E2%80%9D-and-%E2%80%9Cnew%E2%80%9D-is-KZG). The KZG interface is used in the blob transaction signing process to generate KZG commitments & proofs.
- [sha256](/docs/utilities/sha256): Calculates the [Sha256](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-256) hash of a byte array or hex value.
- [sidecarsToVersionedHashes](/docs/utilities/sidecarsToVersionedHashes): Transforms a list of sidecars to their versioned hashes.
- [signatureToCompactSignature](/docs/utilities/signatureToCompactSignature): Parses a signature into a [EIP-2098](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098) compact signature.
- [size](/docs/utilities/size): Retrieves the size of the value (in bytes).
- [slice](/docs/utilities/slice): Returns a section of the hex or byte array given a start/end bytes offset.
- [toBase58](/docs/utilities/toBase58): Coming soon.
- [toBase64](/docs/utilities/toBase64): Coming soon.
- [toBlobSidecars](/docs/utilities/toBlobSidecars): Transforms arbitrary data (or blobs, commitments, & proofs) into a blob sidecar array.
- [toBlobs](/docs/utilities/toBlobs): Transforms arbitrary data into Viem-shaped blobs.
- [toBytes](/docs/utilities/toBytes): Encodes a string, hex value, number or boolean to a byte array.
- [toEventHash](/docs/utilities/toEventHash): Returns the hash (of the event signature) for a given event definition.
- [toEventSelector](/docs/utilities/toEventSelector): Returns the event selector for a given event definition.
- [toEventSignature](/docs/utilities/toEventSignature): Returns the signature for a given event definition.
- [toFunctionHash](/docs/utilities/toFunctionHash): Returns the hash (of the function signature) for a given function definition.
- [toFunctionSelector](/docs/utilities/toFunctionSelector): Returns the function selector (4 byte encoding) for a given function definition.
- [toFunctionSignature](/docs/utilities/toFunctionSignature): Returns the signature for a given function definition.
- [toHex](/docs/utilities/toHex): Encodes a string, number, boolean or byte array to a hex value value.
- [toRlp](/docs/utilities/toRlp): Encodes a hex value or byte array into a [Recursive-Length Prefix (RLP)](https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/data-structures-and-encoding/rlp/) encoded value.
- [trim](/docs/utilities/trim): Trims the leading or trailing zero byte data from a hex value or byte array.
- [verifyMessage](/docs/utilities/verifyMessage): Verify that a message was signed by the provided address.
- [verifyTypedData](/docs/utilities/verifyTypedData): Verify that typed data was signed by the provided address.
- [Extending Client with EIP-5792](/experimental/eip5792/client): Setting up your Viem Client
- [getCallsStatus](/experimental/eip5792/getCallsStatus): Returns the status and receipts of a call batch that was sent via `sendCalls`.
- [getCapabilities](/experimental/eip5792/getCapabilities): Extract capabilities (grouped by chain ID) that a connected wallet supports (e.g. paymasters, session keys, etc).
- [sendCalls](/experimental/eip5792/sendCalls): Requests for the wallet to sign and broadcast a batch of calls (transactions) to the network.
- [showCallsStatus](/experimental/eip5792/showCallsStatus): Requests for the wallet to show information about a call batch that was sent via `showCalls`.
- [Extending Client with EIP-7702](/experimental/eip7702/client): Setting up your Viem Client
- [Contract Writes with EIP-7702](/experimental/eip7702/contract-writes): The guide below demonstrates how to perform Contract Writes with EIP-7702 to invoke Contract functions on an Externally Owned Account.
- [hashAuthorization](/experimental/eip7702/hashAuthorization): Calculates an Authorization hash in [EIP-7702 format](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7702): `keccak256('0x05' || rlp([chain_id, address, nonce]))`.
- [prepareAuthorization](/experimental/eip7702/prepareAuthorization): Prepares an [EIP-7702 Authorization](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7702) for signing.
This Action will fill the required fields of the Authorization object if they are not provided (e.g. `nonce` and `chainId`).
- [recoverAuthorizationAddress](/experimental/eip7702/recoverAuthorizationAddress): Recovers the original signing address from a signed Authorization object.
- [Sending Transactions with EIP-7702](/experimental/eip7702/sending-transactions): The guide below demonstrates how to send EIP-7702 Transactions to invoke Contract functions on an Externally Owned Account.
- [signAuthorization](/experimental/eip7702/signAuthorization): Signs an [EIP-7702 Authorization](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7702). The signed Authorization can be used in Transaction APIs like [`sendTransaction`](/docs/actions/wallet/sendTransaction#authorizationlist-optional) and [`writeContract`](/docs/contract/writeContract#authorizationlist-optional) to inject the authorized Contract bytecode(s) into an Account at the time of execution.
- [verifyAuthorization](/experimental/eip7702/verifyAuthorization): Verifies that an Authorization object was signed by the provided address.
- [Extending Client with ERC-7715](/experimental/erc7715/client): Setting up your Viem Client
- [grantPermissions](/experimental/erc7715/grantPermissions): Request permissions from a wallet to perform actions on behalf of a user.
- [Extending Client with ERC-7739 Actions](/experimental/erc7739/client): Setting up your Viem Client
- [hashMessage](/experimental/erc7739/hashMessage): Calculates a [EIP-191](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191) personal sign hash via [ERC-7739 `PersonalSign` format](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7739).
- [hashTypedData](/experimental/erc7739/hashTypedData): Hashes [EIP-712](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712) typed data via [ERC-7739 `TypedDataSign` format](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7739).
- [signMessage](/experimental/erc7739/signMessage): Signs an [EIP-191](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191) personal sign message via [ERC-7739 `PersonalSign` format](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7739).
- [signTypedData](/experimental/erc7739/signTypedData): Signs [EIP-712](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712) typed data via [ERC-7739 `TypedDataSign` format](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7739).
- [wrapTypedDataSignature](/experimental/erc7739/wrapTypedDataSignature): Wraps a EIP-712 typed data signature into via [ERC-7739](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7739) format for verification.
- [Extending Client with ERC-7821 Actions](/experimental/erc7821/client): Setting up your Viem Client
- [execute](/experimental/erc7821/execute): Executes call(s) using the `execute` function on an [ERC-7821-compatible contract](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7821).
- [executeBatches](/experimental/erc7821/executeBatches): Executes batches of call(s) using the ["batch of batches" mode](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7821#optional-batch-of-batches-mode) on an [ERC-7821-compatible contract](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7821).
- [supportsExecutionMode](/experimental/erc7821/supportsExecutionMode): Checks if the contract supports the [ERC-7821](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7821) execution mode.
- [buildDepositTransaction](/op-stack/actions/buildDepositTransaction): Builds & prepares parameters for a [deposit transaction](https://github.com/ethereum-optimism/optimism/blob/develop/specs/deposits.md) to be initiated on an L1 and executed on the L2.
- [buildInitiateWithdrawal](/op-stack/actions/buildInitiateWithdrawal): Builds & prepares parameters for a [withdrawal](https://community.optimism.io/docs/protocol/withdrawal-flow/#withdrawal-initiating-transaction) to be initiated on an L2.
- [buildProveWithdrawal](/op-stack/actions/buildProveWithdrawal): Builds the transaction that proves a withdrawal was initiated on an L2. Used in the Withdrawal flow.
- [depositTransaction](/op-stack/actions/depositTransaction): Initiates a [deposit transaction](https://github.com/ethereum-optimism/optimism/blob/develop/specs/deposits.md) on an L1, which executes a transaction on an L2.
- [estimateContractL1Fee](/op-stack/actions/estimateContractL1Fee): Estimates the [L1 data fee](https://docs.optimism.io/stack/transactions/fees#l1-data-fee) to execute an L2 contract write.
- [estimateContractL1Gas](/op-stack/actions/estimateContractL1Gas): Estimates the [L1 data gas](https://docs.optimism.io/stack/transactions/fees#l1-data-fee) to execute an L2 contract write.
- [estimateContractTotalFee](/op-stack/actions/estimateContractTotalFee): Estimates the total ([L1 data](https://docs.optimism.io/stack/transactions/fees#l1-data-fee) + L2) fee to execute an L2 contract write.
- [estimateContractTotalGas](/op-stack/actions/estimateContractTotalGas): Estimates the total ([L1 data](https://docs.optimism.io/stack/transactions/fees#l1-data-fee) + L2) gas to execute an L2 contract write.
- [estimateDepositTransactionGas](/op-stack/actions/estimateDepositTransactionGas): Estimates gas to initiate a [deposit transaction](https://github.com/ethereum-optimism/optimism/blob/develop/specs/deposits.md) on an L1, which executes a transaction on an L2.
- [estimateFinalizeWithdrawalGas](/op-stack/actions/estimateFinalizeWithdrawalGas): Estimates gas required to finalize a withdrawal that occurred on an L2.
- [estimateInitiateWithdrawalGas](/op-stack/actions/estimateInitiateWithdrawalGas): Estimates gas required to initiate a [withdrawal](https://github.com/ethereum-optimism/optimism/blob/develop/specs/deposits.md) on an L2 to the L1.
- [estimateL1Fee](/op-stack/actions/estimateL1Fee): Estimates the [L1 data fee](https://docs.optimism.io/stack/transactions/fees#l1-data-fee) to execute an L2 transaction.
- [estimateL1Gas](/op-stack/actions/estimateL1Gas): Estimates the amount of [L1 data gas](https://docs.optimism.io/stack/transactions/fees#l1-data-fee) required to execute an L2 transaction.
- [estimateProveWithdrawalGas](/op-stack/actions/estimateProveWithdrawalGas): Estimates gas required to prove a withdrawal that occurred on an L2.
- [estimateTotalFee](/op-stack/actions/estimateTotalFee): Estimates the [L1 data fee](https://docs.optimism.io/stack/transactions/fees#l1-data-fee) + L2 fee to execute an L2 transaction.
- [estimateTotalGas](/op-stack/actions/estimateTotalGas): Estimates the amount of [L1 data gas](https://docs.optimism.io/stack/transactions/fees#l1-data-fee) + L2 gas required to execute an L2 transaction.
- [finalizeWithdrawal](/op-stack/actions/finalizeWithdrawal): Finalizes a withdrawal that occurred on an L2. Used in the Withdrawal flow.
- [getGame](/op-stack/actions/getGame): Retrieves a valid dispute game on an L2 that occurred after a provided L2 block number. Used for the [Withdrawal](/op-stack/guides/withdrawals) flow.
- [getGames](/op-stack/actions/getGames): Retrieves dispute games for an L2. Used for the [Withdrawal](/op-stack/guides/withdrawals) flow.
- [getL2Output](/op-stack/actions/getL2Output): Retrieves the first L2 output proposal that occurred after a provided block number. Used for the [Withdrawal](/op-stack/guides/withdrawals) flow.
- [getTimeToFinalize](/op-stack/actions/getTimeToFinalize): Returns the time until the withdrawal transaction can be finalized. Used for the [Withdrawal](/op-stack/guides/withdrawals) flow.
- [getTimeToNextGame](/op-stack/actions/getTimeToNextGame): Returns the time until the next L2 dispute game (after the provided block number) is submitted. Used for the [Withdrawal](/op-stack/guides/withdrawals) flow.
- [getTimeToNextL2Output](/op-stack/actions/getTimeToNextL2Output): Returns the time until the next L2 output (after a provided block number) is submitted. Used for the [Withdrawal](/op-stack/guides/withdrawals) flow.
- [getTimeToProve](/op-stack/actions/getTimeToProve): Gets time until the L2 withdrawal transaction is ready to be proved. Used for the [Withdrawal](/op-stack/guides/withdrawals) flow.
- [getWithdrawalStatus](/op-stack/actions/getWithdrawalStatus): Returns the current status of a withdrawal. Used for the [Withdrawal](/op-stack/guides/withdrawals) flow.
- [initiateWithdrawal](/op-stack/actions/initiateWithdrawal): Initiates a [withdrawal](https://github.com/ethereum-optimism/optimism/blob/develop/specs/deposits.md) on an L2 to the L1.
- [proveWithdrawal](/op-stack/actions/proveWithdrawal): Proves a withdrawal that occurred on an L2. Used in the Withdrawal flow.
- [waitForNextGame](/op-stack/actions/waitForNextGame): Waits for the next dispute game (after the provided block number) to be submitted. Used within the [waitToProve](/op-stack/actions/waitToProve) Action.
- [waitForNextL2Output](/op-stack/actions/waitForNextL2Output): Waits for the next L2 output (after the provided block number) to be submitted. Used within the [waitToProve](/op-stack/actions/waitToProve) Action.
- [waitToFinalize](/op-stack/actions/waitToFinalize): Waits until the withdrawal transaction can be finalized. Used for the [Withdrawal](/op-stack/guides/withdrawals) flow.
- [waitToProve](/op-stack/actions/waitToProve): Waits until the L2 withdrawal transaction is ready to be proved. Used for the [Withdrawal](/op-stack/guides/withdrawals) flow.
- [Deposits](/op-stack/guides/deposits): This guide will demonstrate how to deposit (bridge) **1 Ether** from **Mainnet** to **[Optimism (OP Mainnet)](https://www.optimism.io/)**.
- [Withdrawals](/op-stack/guides/withdrawals): This guide will demonstrate how to withdraw **1 Ether** from **[Optimism (OP Mainnet)](https://www.optimism.io/)** to **Mainnet**.
- [extractTransactionDepositedLogs](/op-stack/utilities/extractTransactionDepositedLogs): Extracts `TransactionDeposited` logs from an opaque array of logs.
- [extractWithdrawalMessageLogs](/op-stack/utilities/extractWithdrawalMessageLogs): Extracts [`MessagePassed` logs](https://github.com/ethereum-optimism/optimism/blob/9f73402cb4341f7cfa83bf79769c8dddd9b014c0/packages/contracts-bedrock/src/L2/L2ToL1MessagePasser.sol#L29-L45) from a withdrawal initialization from an opaque array of logs.
- [opaqueDataToDepositData](/op-stack/utilities/fromOpaqueData): Decodes opaque deposit data found in the `TransactionDeposited` event log data.
- [getL2TransactionHash](/op-stack/utilities/getL2TransactionHash): Computes the L2 transaction hash from an L1 `TransactionDeposited` log.
- [getL2TransactionHashes](/op-stack/utilities/getL2TransactionHashes): Computes the L2 transaction hashes from an array of L1 `TransactionDeposited` logs.
- [getSourceHash](/op-stack/utilities/getSourceHash): Computes the [source hash](https://github.com/ethereum-optimism/optimism/blob/develop/specs/deposits.md#source-hash-computation) of a deposit transaction.
- [getWithdrawalHashStorageSlot](/op-stack/utilities/getWithdrawalHashStorageSlot): Computes the withdrawal hash storage slot to be used when proving a withdrawal.
- [getWithdrawals](/op-stack/utilities/getWithdrawals): Gets withdrawal messages emitted from the [`MessagePassed` log](https://github.com/ethereum-optimism/optimism/blob/9f73402cb4341f7cfa83bf79769c8dddd9b014c0/packages/contracts-bedrock/src/L2/L2ToL1MessagePasser.sol#L29-L45) from a withdrawal initialization.
- [opaqueDataToDepositData](/op-stack/utilities/opaqueDataToDepositData): Converts an opaque data into a structured deposit data object. This includes extracting and converting the `mint`, `value`, `gas`, `isCreation` flag, and `data` from a hex string.
- [parseTransaction (OP Stack)](/op-stack/utilities/parseTransaction): Parses a serialized RLP-encoded transaction. Supports signed & unsigned Deposit, EIP-1559, EIP-2930 and Legacy Transactions.
- [serializeTransaction (OP Stack)](/op-stack/utilities/serializeTransaction): Serializes a transaction object, with support for OP Stack transactions. Supports Deposit, EIP-1559, EIP-2930, and Legacy transactions.
- [toMultisigSmartAccount (ZKsync)](/zksync/accounts/toMultisigSmartAccount): Creates a multi-signature [ZKsync Smart Account](https://docs.zksync.io/build/developer-reference/account-abstraction/building-smart-accounts) from a Contract Address and the Private Key of the owner.
- [toSinglesigSmartAccount (ZKsync)](/zksync/accounts/toSinglesigSmartAccount): Creates a single-signature [ZKsync Smart Account](https://docs.zksync.io/build/developer-reference/account-abstraction/building-smart-accounts) from a Contract Address and the Private Key of the owner.
- [toSmartAccount (ZKsync)](/zksync/accounts/toSmartAccount): Creates a [ZKsync Smart Account](https://docs.zksync.io/build/developer-reference/account-abstraction/building-smart-accounts) from a Contract Address and a custom sign function.
- [deployContract](/zksync/actions/deployContract): Deploys a contract to the network, given bytecode & constructor arguments by using EIP712 transaction.
- [estimateFee](/zksync/actions/estimateFee): Returns an estimated Fee for requested transaction.
- [estimateGasL1ToL2](/zksync/actions/estimateGasL1ToL2): Returns an estimated gas for L1 to L2 execution
- [finalizeWithdrawal](/zksync/actions/finalizeWithdrawal): Proves the inclusion of the `L2->L1` withdrawal message.
- [getAllBalances](/zksync/actions/getAllBalances): Returns all known balances for a given account.
- [getBaseTokenL1Address](/zksync/actions/getBaseTokenL1Address): Returns the address of the base L1 token.
- [getBlockDetails](/zksync/actions/getBlockDetails): Returns additional ZKsync-specific information about the L2 block.
- [getBridgehubContractAddress](/zksync/actions/getBridgehubContractAddress): Returns the Bridgehub smart contract address.
- [getDefaultBridgeAddresses](/zksync/actions/getDefaultBridgeAddress): Returns the addresses of the default ZKsync Era bridge contracts on both L1 and L2.
- [getL1Allowance](/zksync/actions/getL1Allowance): Determines the amount of approved tokens for a specific L1 bridge.
- [getL1Balance](/zksync/actions/getL1Balance): Returns the amount of the token held by the account on the L1 network.
- [getL1BatchBlockRange](/zksync/actions/getL1BatchBlockRange): Returns the range of blocks contained within a batch given by batch number.
- [getL1BatchDetails](/zksync/actions/getL1BatchDetails): Returns data pertaining to a given batch.
- [getL1BatchNumber](/zksync/actions/getL1BatchNumber): Returns the latest L1 batch number.
- [getL1ChainId](/zksync/actions/getL1ChainId): Returns the Chain Id of underlying L1 network.
- [getL1TokenAddress](/zksync/actions/getL1TokenAddress): Returns the L1 token address equivalent for a L2 token address as they are not equal.
- [getL1TokenBalance](/zksync/actions/getL1TokenBalance): Retrieve the token balance held by the contract on L1.
- [getL2TokenAddress](/zksync/actions/getL2TokenAddress): Returns the L2 token address equivalent for a L1 token address as they are not equal.
- [getLogProof](/zksync/actions/getLogProof): Returns the proof for the corresponding L2 to L1 log.
- [getMainContractAddress](/zksync/actions/getMainContractAddress): Returns the address of a Main ZKsync Contract.
- [getRawBlockTransaction](/zksync/actions/getRawBlockTransactions): Returns data of transactions in a block.
- [getTestnetPaymasterAddress](/zksync/actions/getTestnetPaymasterAddress): Returns the address of a Paymaster on a Testnet.
- [getTransactionDetails](/zksync/actions/getTransactionDetails): Returns data from a specific transaction given by the transaction hash.
- [requestExecute](/zksync/actions/requestExecute): Requests execution of a L2 transaction from L1.
- [sendTransaction](/zksync/actions/sendTransaction): Creates, signs, and sends a new transaction to the network, with EIP712 transaction support.
- [signTransaction](/zksync/actions/signTransaction): Signs a transaction, with EIP712 transaction support.
- [withdraw](/zksync/actions/withdraw): Initiates the withdrawal process which withdraws ETH or any ERC20 token
from the associated account on L2 network to the target account on L1 network.
- [writeContract](/zksync/actions/writeContract): Executes a write function on a contract, with EIP712 transaction support.
- [parseEip712Transaction](/zksync/utilities/parseEip712Transaction): Parses a serialized EIP712 transaction.
- [signMessage (Smart Account)](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/signMessage): Calculates an Ethereum-specific signature in [EIP-191 format](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191): `keccak256("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n" + len(message) + message))`.
- [signTypedData (Smart Account)](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/signTypedData): Signs typed data and calculates an Ethereum-specific signature in [https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712): `sign(keccak256("\x19\x01" ‖ domainSeparator ‖ hashStruct(message)))`
- [signUserOperation (Smart Account)](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/signUserOperation): Signs a User Operation with the Smart Account's **Owner**.
- [Coinbase Smart Wallet](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toCoinbaseSmartAccount): The `toCoinbaseSmartAccount` implementation references the [Coinbase Smart Wallet](https://github.com/coinbase/smart-wallet) contract.
- [Kernel (ZeroDev) Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toEcdsaKernelSmartAccount): **Note:** This implementation is maintained & distributed by [permissionless.js](https://docs.pimlico.io/permissionless).
- [Light Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toLightSmartAccount): **Note:** This implementation is maintained & distributed by [permissionless.js](https://docs.pimlico.io/permissionless).
- [Nexus Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toNexusSmartAccount): **Note:** This implementation is maintained & distributed by [permissionless.js](https://docs.pimlico.io/permissionless).
- [Safe Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toSafeSmartAccount): **Note:** This implementation is maintained & distributed by [permissionless.js](https://docs.pimlico.io/permissionless).
- [Simple Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toSimpleSmartAccount): **Note:** This implementation is maintained & distributed by [permissionless.js](https://docs.pimlico.io/permissionless).
- [toSmartAccount](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toSmartAccount): The `toSmartAccount` function allows you to create a Smart Account with a custom Account Implementation.
- [Solady Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toSoladySmartAccount): The `toSoladySmartAccount` simple Smart Account Implementation that references [Solady's `ERC4337.sol`](https://github.com/Vectorized/solady/blob/main/src/accounts/ERC4337.sol) Smart Account contract.
- [Thirdweb Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toThirdwebSmartAccount): **Note:** This implementation is maintained & distributed by [permissionless.js](https://docs.pimlico.io/permissionless).
- [Trust Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toTrustSmartAccount): **Note:** This implementation is maintained & distributed by [permissionless.js](https://docs.pimlico.io/permissionless).
- [createWebAuthnCredential](/account-abstraction/accounts/webauthn/createWebAuthnCredential): Registers a **WebAuthn Credential** designed to be used to create a [WebAuthn Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/webauthn/toWebAuthnAccount).
- [toWebAuthnAccount](/account-abstraction/accounts/webauthn/toWebAuthnAccount): Creates a **WebAuthn Account** – commonly used for **[Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart) Owners** to sign User Operations and messages on behalf of the Smart Account.
- [estimateUserOperationGas](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/estimateUserOperationGas): Estimates the gas values for a User Operation to be executed successfully.
- [getChainId](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/getChainId): Returns the chain ID associated with the bundler
- [getSupportedEntryPoints](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/getSupportedEntryPoints): Returns the EntryPoints that the bundler supports.
- [getUserOperation](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/getUserOperation): Retrieves information about a User Operation given a hash.
- [getUserOperationReceipt](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/getUserOperationReceipt): Returns the User Operation Receipt given a User Operation hash.
- [TODO](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/introduction)
- [prepareUserOperation](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/prepareUserOperation): Prepares a User Operation for execution and fills in missing properties.
- [sendUserOperation](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/sendUserOperation): Broadcasts a User Operation to the Bundler.
- [waitForUserOperationReceipt](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/waitForUserOperationReceipt): Waits for the User Operation to be included on a [Block](https://viem.sh/docs/glossary/terms#block) (one confirmation), and then returns the User Operation receipt.
- [getPaymasterData](/account-abstraction/actions/paymaster/getPaymasterData): Retrieves paymaster-related User Operation properties to be used for sending the User Operation.
- [getPaymasterStubData](/account-abstraction/actions/paymaster/getPaymasterStubData): Retrieves paymaster-related User Operation properties to be used for User Operation gas estimation.
- [createNonceManager](/docs/accounts/local/createNonceManager): Creates a Nonce Manager for automatic nonce generation
- [hdKeyToAccount](/docs/accounts/local/hdKeyToAccount): A function to create a Hierarchical Deterministic (HD) Account.
- [mnemonicToAccount](/docs/accounts/local/mnemonicToAccount): A function to create a Mnemonic Account.
- [privateKeyToAccount](/docs/accounts/local/privateKeyToAccount): A function to create a Private Key Account.
- [signMessage (Local Account)](/docs/accounts/local/signMessage): Signs a message with the Account's private key.
- [signTransaction (Local Account)](/docs/accounts/local/signTransaction): Signs a transaction with the Account's private key.
- [signTypedData (Local Account)](/docs/accounts/local/signTypedData): Signs typed data with the Account's private key.
- [toAccount](/docs/accounts/local/toAccount): A function to create a Custom Account.
- [call](/docs/actions/public/call): An Action for executing a new message call.
- [createAccessList](/docs/actions/public/createAccessList): Creates an [EIP-2930](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2930) access list based on a transaction request.
- [createBlockFilter](/docs/actions/public/createBlockFilter): An Action for creating a new Block Filter.
- [createEventFilter](/docs/actions/public/createEventFilter): An Action for creating a new Event Filter.
- [createPendingTransactionFilter](/docs/actions/public/createPendingTransactionFilter): An Action for creating a new pending transaction filter.
- [estimateFeesPerGas](/docs/actions/public/estimateFeesPerGas): Returns an estimate for the fees per gas (in wei) for a transaction to be likely included in the next block.
- [estimateGas](/docs/actions/public/estimateGas): An Action for estimating gas for a transaction.
- [estimateMaxPriorityFeePerGas](/docs/actions/public/estimateMaxPriorityFeePerGas): Returns an estimate for the max priority fee per gas (in wei) for a transaction to be likely included in the next block.
- [getBalance](/docs/actions/public/getBalance): Returns the balance of an address in wei.
- [getBlobBaseFee](/docs/actions/public/getBlobBaseFee): Returns the current blob base fee (in wei).
- [getBlock](/docs/actions/public/getBlock): Returns information about a block at a block number, hash or tag.
- [getBlockNumber](/docs/actions/public/getBlockNumber): Returns the number of the most recent block seen.
- [getBlockTransactionCount](/docs/actions/public/getBlockTransactionCount): Returns the number of Transactions at a block number, hash or tag.
- [getChainId](/docs/actions/public/getChainId): Returns the chain ID associated with the current network
- [getEip712Domain](/docs/actions/public/getEip712Domain): Reads the EIP-712 domain from a contract, based on the [ERC-5267 specification](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-5267).
- [getFeeHistory](/docs/actions/public/getFeeHistory): Returns a collection of historical gas information.
- [getFilterChanges](/docs/actions/public/getFilterChanges): Returns a list of logs or hashes based on a [Filter](/docs/glossary/terms#filter) since the last time it was called.
- [getFilterLogs](/docs/actions/public/getFilterLogs): Returns a list of **event** logs since the filter was created.
- [getGasPrice](/docs/actions/public/getGasPrice): Returns the current price of gas (in wei).
- [getLogs](/docs/actions/public/getLogs): Returns a list of **event** logs matching the provided parameters.
- [getProof](/docs/actions/public/getProof): Returns the account and storage values of the specified account including the Merkle-proof.
- [getTransaction](/docs/actions/public/getTransaction): Returns information about a [Transaction](/docs/glossary/terms#transaction) given a hash or block identifier.
- [getTransactionConfirmations](/docs/actions/public/getTransactionConfirmations): Returns the number of blocks passed (confirmations) since the transaction was processed on a block.
- [getTransactionCount](/docs/actions/public/getTransactionCount): Returns the number of [Transactions](/docs/glossary/terms#transaction) an Account has broadcast / sent.
- [getTransactionReceipt](/docs/actions/public/getTransactionReceipt): Returns the [Transaction Receipt](/docs/glossary/terms#transaction-receipt) given a [Transaction](/docs/glossary/terms#transaction) hash.
- [Introduction to Public Actions](/docs/actions/public/introduction): A brief introduction on what Public Actions are in viem.
- [simulateBlocks](/docs/actions/public/simulateBlocks): Simulates a set of calls on block(s) with optional block and state overrides. Internally uses the [`eth_simulateV1` JSON-RPC method](https://github.com/ethereum/execution-apis/pull/484).
- [simulateCalls](/docs/actions/public/simulateCalls): Simulates a set of calls for a block, and optionally provides asset changes. Internally uses the [`eth_simulateV1` JSON-RPC method](https://github.com/ethereum/execution-apis/pull/484).
- [uninstallFilter](/docs/actions/public/uninstallFilter): Destroys a [`Filter`](/docs/glossary/types#filter) that was created from one of the following Actions:
- [verifyMessage](/docs/actions/public/verifyMessage): Verify that a message was signed by the provided address.
- [verifyTypedData](/docs/actions/public/verifyTypedData): Verify that typed data was signed by the provided address.
- [waitForTransactionReceipt](/docs/actions/public/waitForTransactionReceipt): Waits for the [Transaction](/docs/glossary/terms#transaction) to be included on a [Block](/docs/glossary/terms#block) (one confirmation), and then returns the [Transaction Receipt](/docs/glossary/terms#transaction-receipt).
- [watchBlockNumber](/docs/actions/public/watchBlockNumber): Watches and returns incoming block numbers.
- [watchBlocks](/docs/actions/public/watchBlocks): Watches and returns information for incoming blocks.
- [watchEvent](/docs/actions/public/watchEvent): Watches and returns emitted [Event Logs](/docs/glossary/terms#event-log).
- [watchPendingTransactions](/docs/actions/public/watchPendingTransactions): Watches and returns pending transaction hashes.
- [dropTransaction](/docs/actions/test/dropTransaction): Remove a transaction from the mempool.
- [dumpState](/docs/actions/test/dumpState): Serializes the current state (including contracts code, contract's storage, accounts properties, etc.) into a savable data blob.
- [getAutomine](/docs/actions/test/getAutomine): Returns the automatic mining status of the node.
- [getTxpoolContent](/docs/actions/test/getTxpoolContent): Returns the details of all transactions currently pending for inclusion in the next block(s), as well as the ones that are being scheduled for future execution only. [Read more](https://geth.ethereum.org/docs/interacting-with-geth/rpc/ns-txpool).
- [getTxpoolStatus](/docs/actions/test/getTxpoolStatus): Returns a summary of all the transactions currently pending for inclusion in the next block(s), as well as the ones that are being scheduled for future execution only. [Read more](https://geth.ethereum.org/docs/interacting-with-geth/rpc/ns-txpool).
- [impersonateAccount](/docs/actions/test/impersonateAccount): Impersonate an account or contract address. This lets you send transactions from that account even if you don't have access to its private key.
- [increaseTime](/docs/actions/test/increaseTime): Jump forward in time by the given amount of time, in seconds.
- [inspectTxpool](/docs/actions/test/inspectTxpool): Returns a summary of all the transactions currently pending for inclusion in the next block(s), as well as the ones that are being scheduled for future execution only. [Read more](https://geth.ethereum.org/docs/interacting-with-geth/rpc/ns-txpool).
- [Introduction to Test Actions](/docs/actions/test/introduction): A brief introduction on what Test Actions are in viem.
- [loadState](/docs/actions/test/loadState): Adds state previously dumped with `dumpState` to the current chain.
- [mine](/docs/actions/test/mine): Mine a specified number of blocks.
- [removeBlockTimestampInterval](/docs/actions/test/removeBlockTimestampInterval): Removes [`setBlockTimestampInterval`](/docs/actions/test/setBlockTimestampInterval) if it exists.
- [reset](/docs/actions/test/reset): Resets the fork back to its original state.
- [revert](/docs/actions/test/revert): Revert the state of the blockchain at the current block.
- [sendUnsignedTransaction](/docs/actions/test/sendUnsignedTransaction): Executes a transaction regardless of the signature.
- [setAutomine](/docs/actions/test/setAutomine): Enables or disables the automatic mining of new blocks with each new transaction submitted to the network.
- [setBalance](/docs/actions/test/setBalance): Modifies the balance of an account.
- [setBlockGasLimit](/docs/actions/test/setBlockGasLimit): Sets the block's gas limit.
- [setBlockTimestampInterval](/docs/actions/test/setBlockTimestampInterval): Similar to [`increaseTime`](/docs/actions/test/increaseTime), but sets a block timestamp `interval`. The timestamp of future blocks will be computed as `lastBlock_timestamp` + `interval`.
- [setCode](/docs/actions/test/setCode): Modifies the bytecode stored at an account's address.
- [setCoinbase](/docs/actions/test/setCoinbase): Sets the coinbase address to be used in new blocks.
- [setIntervalMining](/docs/actions/test/setIntervalMining): Sets the automatic mining interval (in seconds) of blocks. Setting the interval to `0` will disable automatic mining.
- [setLoggingEnabled](/docs/actions/test/setLoggingEnabled): Enable or disable logging on the test node network.
- [setMinGasPrice](/docs/actions/test/setMinGasPrice): Change the minimum gas price accepted by the network (in wei).
- [setNextBlockBaseFeePerGas](/docs/actions/test/setNextBlockBaseFeePerGas): Sets the next block's base fee per gas.
- [setNextBlockTimestamp](/docs/actions/test/setNextBlockTimestamp): Sets the next block's timestamp.
- [setNonce](/docs/actions/test/setNonce): Modifies (overrides) the nonce of an account.
- [setRpcUrl](/docs/actions/test/setRpcUrl): Sets the backend RPC URL.
- [setStorageAt](/docs/actions/test/setStorageAt): Writes to a slot of an account's storage.
- [snapshot](/docs/actions/test/snapshot): Snapshot the state of the blockchain at the current block.
- [stopImpersonatingAccount](/docs/actions/test/stopImpersonatingAccount): Stop impersonating an account after having previously used [`impersonateAccount`](/docs/actions/test/impersonateAccount).
- [addChain](/docs/actions/wallet/addChain): Adds an EVM chain to the wallet.
- [getAddresses](/docs/actions/wallet/getAddresses): Returns a list of account addresses owned by the wallet or client.
- [getPermissions](/docs/actions/wallet/getPermissions): Gets the wallets current permissions.
- [Introduction to Wallet Actions](/docs/actions/wallet/introduction): A brief introduction to Wallet Actions in viem.
- [prepareTransactionRequest](/docs/actions/wallet/prepareTransactionRequest): Prepares a transaction request for signing by populating a nonce, gas limit, fee values, and a transaction type.
- [requestAddresses](/docs/actions/wallet/requestAddresses): Requests a list of accounts managed by a wallet.
- [requestPermissions](/docs/actions/wallet/requestPermissions): Requests permissions for a wallet.
- [sendRawTransaction](/docs/actions/wallet/sendRawTransaction): Sends a **signed** transaction to the network. Can be used with both [Public Clients](/docs/clients/public) and [Wallet Clients](/docs/clients/wallet)
- [sendTransaction](/docs/actions/wallet/sendTransaction): Creates, signs, and sends a new transaction to the network.
- [signMessage](/docs/actions/wallet/signMessage): Calculates an Ethereum-specific signature in [EIP-191 format](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191): `keccak256("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n" + len(message) + message))`.
- [signTransaction](/docs/actions/wallet/signTransaction): Signs a transaction.
- [signTypedData](/docs/actions/wallet/signTypedData): Signs typed data and calculates an Ethereum-specific signature in [https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712): `sign(keccak256("\x19\x01" ‖ domainSeparator ‖ hashStruct(message)))`
- [switchChain](/docs/actions/wallet/switchChain): Switch the target chain in a wallet.
- [watchAsset](/docs/actions/wallet/watchAsset): Requests that the user tracks the token in their wallet. Returns a boolean indicating if the token was successfully added.
- [Custom Transport](/docs/clients/transports/custom): A function to create a Custom Transport for a Client
- [Fallback Transport](/docs/clients/transports/fallback): A function to create a Fallback Transport for a Client
- [HTTP Transport](/docs/clients/transports/http): A function to create a HTTP Transport for a Client
- [IPC Transport](/docs/clients/transports/ipc): A function to create an IPC Transport for a Client
- [WebSocket Transport](/docs/clients/transports/websocket): A function to create a WebSocket Transport for a Client
- [getEnsAddress](/docs/ens/actions/getEnsAddress): Gets address for ENS name.
- [getEnsAvatar](/docs/ens/actions/getEnsAvatar): Gets the avatar of an ENS name.
- [getEnsName](/docs/ens/actions/getEnsName): Gets primary name for specified address.
- [getEnsResolver](/docs/ens/actions/getEnsResolver): Gets resolver for ENS name.
- [getEnsText](/docs/ens/actions/getEnsText): Gets a text record for specified ENS name.
- [labelhash](/docs/ens/utilities/labelhash): Hashes ENS label.
- [namehash](/docs/ens/utilities/namehash): Hashes ENS name.
- [normalize](/docs/ens/utilities/normalize): Normalizes ENS name to [UTS51](https://unicode.org/reports/tr51) and [ENSIP-15](https://github.com/ensdomains/docs/blob/9edf9443de4333a0ea7ec658a870672d5d180d53/ens-improvement-proposals/ensip-15-normalization-standard.md).
- [verifySiweMessage](/docs/siwe/actions/verifySiweMessage): Verifies [EIP-4361](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4361) formatted message was signed.
- [createSiweMessage](/docs/siwe/utilities/createSiweMessage): Creates [EIP-4361](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4361) formatted message.
- [generateSiweNonce](/docs/siwe/utilities/generateSiweNonce): Generates random [EIP-4361](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4361) nonce.
- [parseSiweMessage](/docs/siwe/utilities/parseSiweMessage): Parses [EIP-4361](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4361) formatted message into message fields object.
- [validateSiweMessage](/docs/siwe/utilities/validateSiweMessage): Validates [EIP-4361](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4361) message.
- [getL2HashFromPriorityOp](/zksync/utilities/bridge/getL2HashFromPriorityOp): Returns the hash of the L2 priority operation from a given L1 transaction receipt.
- [getApprovalBasedPaymasterInput](/zksync/utilities/paymaster/getApprovalBasedPaymasterInput): Returns encoded formatted approval-based paymaster params.
- [getGeneralPaymasterInput](/zksync/utilities/paymaster/getGeneralPaymasterInput): Returns encoded formatted general-based paymaster params.