<!--
Sitemap:
- [Why Viem](/docs/introduction): A brief preamble on why we built Viem
- [Installation](/docs/installation)
- [Getting Started](/docs/getting-started): Get started with viem in just a few lines of code.
- [Platform Compatibility](/docs/compatibility): Platforms compatible with Viem
- [Frequently Asked Questions](/docs/faq)
- [Migration Guide](/docs/migration-guide)
- [Ethers v5 → viem Migration Guide](/docs/ethers-migration): Migrate from Ethers v5 to viem
- [TypeScript](/docs/typescript): TypeScript support for Viem
- [Error Handling](/docs/error-handling)
- [EIP-7702 Overview](/docs/eip7702): An Overview of EIP-7702
- [Contract Writes with EIP-7702](/docs/eip7702/contract-writes)
- [Sending Transactions with EIP-7702](/docs/eip7702/sending-transactions)
- [Blob Transactions](/docs/guides/blob-transactions): Sending your first Blob Transaction with Viem.
- [Introduction to Clients & Transports](/docs/clients/intro): A brief introduction to Clients & Transports.
- [Public Client](/docs/clients/public): A function to create a Public Client
- [Wallet Client](/docs/clients/wallet): A function to create a Wallet Client.
- [Test Client](/docs/clients/test): A function to create a Test Client
- [Build your own Client](/docs/clients/custom)
- [HTTP Transport](/docs/clients/transports/http): A function to create a HTTP Transport for a Client
- [WebSocket Transport](/docs/clients/transports/websocket): A function to create a WebSocket Transport for a Client
- [Custom Transport](/docs/clients/transports/custom): A function to create a Custom Transport for a Client
- [IPC Transport](/docs/clients/transports/ipc): A function to create an IPC Transport for a Client
- [Fallback Transport](/docs/clients/transports/fallback): A function to create a Fallback Transport for a Client
- [Introduction to Public Actions](/docs/actions/public/introduction): A brief introduction on what Public Actions are in viem.
- [createAccessList](/docs/actions/public/createAccessList)
- [getBalance](/docs/actions/public/getBalance): Returns the balance of an address in wei.
- [getTransactionCount](/docs/actions/public/getTransactionCount): Returns the number of Transactions an Account has sent.
- [getBlock](/docs/actions/public/getBlock): Returns information about a block at a block number, hash or tag.
- [getBlockReceipts](/docs/actions/public/getBlockReceipts): Returns the transaction receipts of a block at a block number, hash or tag.
- [getBlockNumber](/docs/actions/public/getBlockNumber): Returns the number of the most recent block seen.
- [getBlockTransactionCount](/docs/actions/public/getBlockTransactionCount): Returns the number of Transactions at a block number, hash or tag.
- [simulateBlocks](/docs/actions/public/simulateBlocks): Simulates a set of calls on block(s).
- [watchBlockNumber](/docs/actions/public/watchBlockNumber): Watches and returns incoming block numbers.
- [watchBlocks](/docs/actions/public/watchBlocks): Watches and returns information for incoming blocks.
- [call](/docs/actions/public/call): An Action for executing a new message call.
- [simulateCalls](/docs/actions/public/simulateCalls): Simulates a set of calls on block(s).
- [getChainId](/docs/actions/public/getChainId): Returns the chain ID associated with the current network
- [getEip712Domain](/docs/actions/public/getEip712Domain): Reads the EIP-712 domain from a contract.
- [estimateFeesPerGas](/docs/actions/public/estimateFeesPerGas): Returns an estimate for the fees per gas (in wei) for a transaction to be likely included in the next block.
- [estimateGas](/docs/actions/public/estimateGas): An Action for estimating gas for a transaction.
- [estimateMaxPriorityFeePerGas](/docs/actions/public/estimateMaxPriorityFeePerGas): Returns an estimate for the max priority fee per gas (in wei) for a transaction to be likely included in the next block.
- [getBlobBaseFee](/docs/actions/public/getBlobBaseFee): Returns the current blob base fee (in wei).
- [getFeeHistory](/docs/actions/public/getFeeHistory): Returns a collection of historical gas information.
- [getGasPrice](/docs/actions/public/getGasPrice): Returns the current price of gas (in wei).
- [createBlockFilter](/docs/actions/public/createBlockFilter): An Action for creating a new Block Filter.
- [createEventFilter](/docs/actions/public/createEventFilter): An Action for creating a new Event Filter.
- [createPendingTransactionFilter](/docs/actions/public/createPendingTransactionFilter): An Action for creating a new pending transaction filter.
- [getFilterChanges](/docs/actions/public/getFilterChanges): Returns a list of logs or hashes based on a Filter.
- [getFilterLogs](/docs/actions/public/getFilterLogs): Returns a list of event logs since the filter was created.
- [getLogs](/docs/actions/public/getLogs): Returns a list of event logs matching the provided parameters.
- [watchEvent](/docs/actions/public/watchEvent): Watches and returns emitted Event Logs.
- [uninstallFilter](/docs/actions/public/uninstallFilter): Destroys a Filter.
- [getProof](/docs/actions/public/getProof): Returns the account and storage values of the specified account including the Merkle-proof.
- [verifyMessage](/docs/actions/public/verifyMessage): Verifies if a signed message was generated by the provided address.
- [verifyTypedData](/docs/actions/public/verifyTypedData): Verifies a typed data signature
- [prepareTransactionRequest](/docs/actions/wallet/prepareTransactionRequest): Prepares a transaction request for signing.
- [getTransaction](/docs/actions/public/getTransaction): Returns information about a transaction given a hash or block identifier.
- [getTransactionConfirmations](/docs/actions/public/getTransactionConfirmations): Returns the number of blocks passed (confirmations) since the transaction was processed on a block.
- [getTransactionReceipt](/docs/actions/public/getTransactionReceipt): Returns the transaction receipt given a transaction hash.
- [sendRawTransaction](/docs/actions/wallet/sendRawTransaction): Sends a signed transaction to the network
- [waitForTransactionReceipt](/docs/actions/public/waitForTransactionReceipt): Retrieves a Transaction Receipt for a given Transaction hash.
- [watchPendingTransactions](/docs/actions/public/watchPendingTransactions): Watches and returns pending transaction hashes.
- [Introduction to Wallet Actions](/docs/actions/wallet/introduction): A brief introduction to Wallet Actions in viem.
- [getAddresses](/docs/actions/wallet/getAddresses): Returns a list of addresses owned by the wallet or client.
- [requestAddresses](/docs/actions/wallet/requestAddresses): Requests a list of accounts managed by a wallet.
- [watchAsset](/docs/actions/wallet/watchAsset): Requests that the user tracks the token in their wallet.
- [getCallsStatus](/docs/actions/wallet/getCallsStatus): Returns the status of a call batch.
- [getCapabilities](/docs/actions/wallet/getCapabilities): Extract capabilities that a connected wallet supports.
- [sendCalls](/docs/actions/wallet/sendCalls): Sign and broadcast a batch of calls to the network.
- [sendCallsSync](/docs/actions/wallet/sendCallsSync): Sign and broadcast a batch of calls to the network, and waits for the calls to be included in a block.
- [showCallsStatus](/docs/actions/wallet/showCallsStatus): Requests for the wallet to show information about a call batch.
- [waitForCallsStatus](/docs/actions/wallet/waitForCallsStatus): Waits for a call batch to be confirmed & included on a Block.
- [addChain](/docs/actions/wallet/addChain): Adds an EVM chain to the wallet.
- [switchChain](/docs/actions/wallet/switchChain): Switch the target chain in a wallet.
- [signMessage](/docs/actions/wallet/signMessage): Signs a message with the Account's private key.
- [signTypedData](/docs/actions/wallet/signTypedData): Signs typed data with the Account's private key.
- [getPermissions](/docs/actions/wallet/getPermissions): Gets the wallets current permissions.
- [requestPermissions](/docs/actions/wallet/requestPermissions): Requests permissions for a wallet.
- [sendRawTransactionSync](/docs/actions/wallet/sendRawTransactionSync): Sends a signed transaction to the network synchronously
- [sendTransaction](/docs/actions/wallet/sendTransaction): Creates, signs, and sends a new transaction to the network.
- [sendTransactionSync](/docs/actions/wallet/sendTransactionSync): Creates, signs, and sends a new transaction to the network synchronously.
- [signTransaction](/docs/actions/wallet/signTransaction): Signs a transaction.
- [Introduction to Test Actions](/docs/actions/test/introduction): A brief introduction on what Test Actions are in viem.
- [impersonateAccount](/docs/actions/test/impersonateAccount): Impersonate an account or contract address.
- [setBalance](/docs/actions/test/setBalance): Modifies the balance of an account.
- [setCode](/docs/actions/test/setCode): Modifies the bytecode stored at an account's address.
- [setNonce](/docs/actions/test/setNonce): Modifies (overrides) the nonce of an account.
- [setStorageAt](/docs/actions/test/setStorageAt): Writes to a slot of an account's storage.
- [stopImpersonatingAccount](/docs/actions/test/stopImpersonatingAccount): Stop impersonating an account after having previously used impersonateAccount.
- [getAutomine](/docs/actions/test/getAutomine): Returns the automatic mining status of the node.
- [increaseTime](/docs/actions/test/increaseTime): Jump forward in time by the given amount of time, in seconds.
- [mine](/docs/actions/test/mine): Mine a specified number of blocks.
- [removeBlockTimestampInterval](/docs/actions/test/removeBlockTimestampInterval): Removes setBlockTimestampInterval if it exists.
- [setAutomine](/docs/actions/test/setAutomine): Enables or disables the automatic mining of new blocks with each new transaction submitted to the network.
- [setIntervalMining](/docs/actions/test/setIntervalMining): Sets the automatic mining interval (in seconds) of blocks.
- [setBlockTimestampInterval](/docs/actions/test/setBlockTimestampInterval): Sets the block's timestamp interval.
- [setBlockGasLimit](/docs/actions/test/setBlockGasLimit): Sets the block's gas limit.
- [setNextBlockBaseFeePerGas](/docs/actions/test/setNextBlockBaseFeePerGas): Sets the next block's base fee per gas.
- [setNextBlockTimestamp](/docs/actions/test/setNextBlockTimestamp): Sets the next block's timestamp.
- [setCoinbase](/docs/actions/test/setCoinbase): Sets the coinbase address to be used in new blocks.
- [setMinGasPrice](/docs/actions/test/setMinGasPrice): Change the minimum gas price accepted by the network (in wei).
- [reset](/docs/actions/test/reset): Resets the fork back to its original state.
- [setLoggingEnabled](/docs/actions/test/setLoggingEnabled): Enable or disable logging on the test node network.
- [setRpcUrl](/docs/actions/test/setRpcUrl): Sets the backend RPC URL.
- [dumpState](/docs/actions/test/dumpState): Serializes the current state into a savable data blob.
- [loadState](/docs/actions/test/loadState): Adds state previously dumped to the current chain.
- [revert](/docs/actions/test/revert): Revert the state of the blockchain at the current block.
- [snapshot](/docs/actions/test/snapshot): Snapshot the state of the blockchain at the current block.
- [dropTransaction](/docs/actions/test/dropTransaction): Removes a transaction from the mempool.
- [getTxpoolContent](/docs/actions/test/getTxpoolContent): Returns the details of all transactions currently pending for inclusion in the next block(s).
- [getTxpoolStatus](/docs/actions/test/getTxpoolStatus): Returns a summary of all the transactions currently pending for inclusion in the next block(s).
- [inspectTxpool](/docs/actions/test/inspectTxpool): Returns a summary of all the transactions currently pending for inclusion in the next block(s).
- [sendUnsignedTransaction](/docs/actions/test/sendUnsignedTransaction): Executes a transaction regardless of the signature.
- [JSON-RPC Account](/docs/accounts/jsonRpc): A function to create a JSON-RPC Account.
- [Local Accounts (Private Key, Mnemonic, etc)](/docs/accounts/local)
- [privateKeyToAccount](/docs/accounts/local/privateKeyToAccount): A function to create a Private Key Account.
- [mnemonicToAccount](/docs/accounts/local/mnemonicToAccount): A function to create a Mnemonic Account.
- [hdKeyToAccount](/docs/accounts/local/hdKeyToAccount): A function to create a Hierarchical Deterministic (HD) Account.
- [toAccount](/docs/accounts/local/toAccount): A function to create a Custom Account.
- [createNonceManager](/docs/accounts/local/createNonceManager): Creates a Nonce Manager for automatic nonce generation
- [signMessage (Local Account)](/docs/accounts/local/signMessage): Signs a message with the Account's private key.
- [signTransaction (Local Account)](/docs/accounts/local/signTransaction): Signs a transaction with the Account's private key.
- [signTypedData (Local Account)](/docs/accounts/local/signTypedData): Signs typed data with the Account's private key.
- [Chains](/docs/chains/introduction)
- [Fees](/docs/chains/fees): Configure chain-based fee data in Viem
- [Formatters](/docs/chains/formatters): Configure chain-based formatters in Viem
- [Serializers](/docs/chains/serializers): Configure chain-based serializers in Viem
- [Celo](/docs/chains/celo): Integrating with Celo in Viem
- [Getting Started with OP Stack](/op-stack): Getting started with the OP Stack in Viem
- [Getting Started with ZKsync](/zksync): Getting started with the ZKsync in Viem
- [Contract Instances](/docs/contract/getContract): A Contract Instance is a type-safe interface for performing contract-related actions with a specific ABI and address, created by the getContract function.
- [createContractEventFilter](/docs/contract/createContractEventFilter): Creates a Filter to retrieve contract event logs.
- [deployContract](/docs/contract/deployContract): Deploys a contract to the network, given bytecode & constructor arguments.
- [estimateContractGas](/docs/contract/estimateContractGas): Estimates the gas required to successfully execute a contract write function call.
- [getCode](/docs/contract/getCode): Retrieves the bytecode at an address.
- [getContractEvents](/docs/contract/getContractEvents): Returns a list of event logs matching the provided parameters.
- [getStorageAt](/docs/contract/getStorageAt): Returns the value from a storage slot at a given address.
- [multicall](/docs/contract/multicall): Batches up multiple functions on a contract in a single call.
- [readContract](/docs/contract/readContract): Calls a read-only function on a contract, and returns the response.
- [simulateContract](/docs/contract/simulateContract): Simulates & validates a contract interaction.
- [writeContract](/docs/contract/writeContract): Executes a write function on a contract.
- [writeContractSync](/docs/contract/writeContractSync): Executes a write function on a contract synchronously.
- [watchContractEvent](/docs/contract/watchContractEvent): Watches and returns emitted contract event logs.
- [decodeDeployData](/docs/contract/decodeDeployData): Decodes ABI encoded deploy data (bytecode & arguments).
- [decodeErrorResult](/docs/contract/decodeErrorResult): Decodes reverted error from a contract function call.
- [decodeEventLog](/docs/contract/decodeEventLog): Decodes ABI encoded event topics & data.
- [decodeFunctionData](/docs/contract/decodeFunctionData): Decodes ABI encoded data (4 byte selector & arguments) into a function name and arguments.
- [decodeFunctionResult](/docs/contract/decodeFunctionResult): Decodes the result of a function call on a contract.
- [encodeDeployData](/docs/contract/encodeDeployData): Encodes deploy data (bytecode & constructor args) into an ABI encoded value.
- [encodeErrorResult](/docs/contract/encodeErrorResult): Encodes a reverted error from a function call.
- [encodeEventTopics](/docs/contract/encodeEventTopics): Encodes an event (with optional arguments) into filter topics.
- [encodeFunctionData](/docs/contract/encodeFunctionData): Encodes the function name and parameters into an ABI encoded value (4 byte selector & arguments).
- [encodeFunctionResult](/docs/contract/encodeFunctionResult): Encodes structured return data into ABI encoded data.
- [parseEventLogs](/docs/contract/parseEventLogs): Extracts & decodes logs from a set of opaque logs.
- [getEnsAddress](/docs/ens/actions/getEnsAddress): Gets address for ENS name.
- [getEnsAvatar](/docs/ens/actions/getEnsAvatar): Gets the avatar of an ENS name.
- [getEnsName](/docs/ens/actions/getEnsName): Gets primary name for specified address.
- [getEnsResolver](/docs/ens/actions/getEnsResolver): Gets resolver for ENS name.
- [getEnsText](/docs/ens/actions/getEnsText): Gets a text record for specified ENS name.
- [labelhash](/docs/ens/utilities/labelhash): Hashes ENS label.
- [namehash](/docs/ens/utilities/namehash): Hashes ENS name.
- [normalize](/docs/ens/utilities/normalize): Normalizes ENS name to UTS46.
- [verifySiweMessage](/docs/siwe/actions/verifySiweMessage): Verifies EIP-4361 formatted message was signed.
- [createSiweMessage](/docs/siwe/utilities/createSiweMessage): Creates EIP-4361 formatted message.
- [generateSiweNonce](/docs/siwe/utilities/generateSiweNonce): Generates random EIP-4361 nonce.
- [parseSiweMessage](/docs/siwe/utilities/parseSiweMessage): Parses EIP-4361 formatted message into message fields object.
- [validateSiweMessage](/docs/siwe/utilities/validateSiweMessage): Validates EIP-4361 message.
- [decodeAbiParameters](/docs/abi/decodeAbiParameters): Decodes ABI encoded data.
- [encodeAbiParameters](/docs/abi/encodeAbiParameters): Generates ABI encoded data.
- [encodePacked](/docs/abi/encodePacked): Generates ABI encoded data.
- [getAbiItem](/docs/abi/getAbiItem): Retrieves an item from the ABI array.
- [parseAbi](/docs/abi/parseAbi): Parses human-readable ABI into JSON.
- [parseAbiItem](/docs/abi/parseAbiItem): Parses human-readable ABI item (e.g. error, event, function) into ABI item.
- [parseAbiParameter](/docs/abi/parseAbiParameter): Parses human-readable ABI parameter into ABI parameter.
- [parseAbiParameters](/docs/abi/parseAbiParameters): Parses human-readable ABI parameters into ABI parameters.
- [getDelegation](/docs/eip7702/getDelegation): Returns the address an account has delegated to via EIP-7702.
- [prepareAuthorization](/docs/eip7702/prepareAuthorization): Prepares an EIP-7702 Authorization for signing.
- [signAuthorization](/docs/eip7702/signAuthorization): Signs an EIP-7702 Authorization object.
- [hashAuthorization](/docs/eip7702/hashAuthorization): Calculates an Authorization object hash in EIP-7702 format.
- [recoverAuthorizationAddress](/docs/eip7702/recoverAuthorizationAddress): Recovers the original signing address from a signed Authorization object.
- [verifyAuthorization](/docs/eip7702/verifyAuthorization): Verifies that an Authorization object was signed by the provided address.
- [getAddress](/docs/utilities/getAddress): Converts an address into an address that is checksum encoded.
- [getContractAddress](/docs/utilities/getContractAddress): Retrieves a contract address.
- [isAddress](/docs/utilities/isAddress): Checks if the address is valid.
- [isAddressEqual](/docs/utilities/isAddressEqual): Checks if the given addresses (checksummed) are equal.
- [blobsToProofs](/docs/utilities/blobsToProofs): Compute the proofs for a list of blobs and their commitments.
- [blobsToCommitments](/docs/utilities/blobsToCommitments): Compute commitments from a list of blobs.
- [commitmentsToVersionedHashes](/docs/utilities/commitmentsToVersionedHashes): Transform a list of commitments to their versioned hashes.
- [commitmentToVersionedHash](/docs/utilities/commitmentToVersionedHash): Transform a commitment to it's versioned hash.
- [fromBlobs](/docs/utilities/fromBlobs): Transforms blobs into the originating data.
- [sidecarsToVersionedHashes](/docs/utilities/sidecarsToVersionedHashes): Transforms a list of sidecars to their versioned hashes.
- [toBlobs](/docs/utilities/toBlobs): Transforms arbitrary data into blobs.
- [toBlobSidecars](/docs/utilities/toBlobSidecars): Transforms arbitrary data into blob sidecars.
- [extractChain](/docs/utilities/extractChain)
- [concat](/docs/utilities/concat): Concatenates a set of hex values or byte arrays.
- [isBytes](/docs/utilities/isBytes): Checks whether the value is a byte array or not.
- [isHex](/docs/utilities/isHex): Checks whether the value is a hex value or not.
- [pad](/docs/utilities/pad): Pads a hex value or byte array with leading or trailing zeros.
- [slice](/docs/utilities/slice): Returns a section of the hex or byte array given a start/end bytes offset.
- [size](/docs/utilities/size): Retrieves the size of the value (in bytes).
- [trim](/docs/utilities/trim): Trims the leading or trailing zero byte data from a hex value or byte array.
- [fromBytes](/docs/utilities/fromBytes): Decodes a byte array to a string, hex value, boolean or number.
- [fromHex](/docs/utilities/fromHex): Decodes a hex value to a string, number or byte array.
- [fromRlp](/docs/utilities/fromRlp): Decodes a RLP value into a decoded hex value or byte array.
- [toBytes](/docs/utilities/toBytes): Encodes a string, hex value, number or boolean to a byte array.
- [toHex](/docs/utilities/toHex): Encodes a string, number, boolean or byte array to a hex value.
- [toRlp](/docs/utilities/toRlp): Encodes a hex value or byte array into a RLP encoded value.
- [isHash](/docs/utilities/isHash): Checks if a string is a valid 32-byte hex hash.
- [keccak256](/docs/utilities/keccak256): Calculates the Keccak256 hash of a byte array.
- [ripemd160](/docs/utilities/ripemd160): Calculates the Ripemd160 hash of a byte array.
- [sha256](/docs/utilities/sha256): Calculates the Sha256 hash of a byte array.
- [toEventHash](/docs/utilities/toEventHash): Returns the hash (of the event signature) for a given event definition.
- [toEventSelector](/docs/utilities/toEventSelector): Returns the event selector for a given event definition.
- [toEventSignature](/docs/utilities/toEventSignature): Returns the signature for a given event or event definition.
- [toFunctionHash](/docs/utilities/toFunctionHash): Returns the hash (of the function signature) for a given function definition.
- [toFunctionSelector](/docs/utilities/toFunctionSelector): Returns the function selector (4 byte encoding) for a given function definition.
- [toFunctionSignature](/docs/utilities/toFunctionSignature): Returns the signature for a given function definition.
- [setupKzg](/docs/utilities/setupKzg): Sets up and returns a KZG interface.
- [compactSignatureToSignature](/docs/utilities/compactSignatureToSignature): Parses a compact signature into signature format.
- [hashMessage](/docs/utilities/hashMessage): Hashes a message in EIP-191 format.
- [hashTypedData](/docs/utilities/hashTypedData): Hashes EIP-712 typed data.
- [isErc6492Signature](/docs/utilities/isErc6492Signature): Checks whether the signature is in ERC-6492 format.
- [parseCompactSignature](/docs/utilities/parseCompactSignature): Parses a hex formatted compact signature into a structured compact signature.
- [parseErc6492Signature](/docs/utilities/parseErc6492Signature): Parses a hex-formatted ERC-6492 flavoured signature.
- [parseSignature](/docs/utilities/parseSignature): Parses a hex formatted signature into a structured signature.
- [recoverAddress](/docs/utilities/recoverAddress): Recovers the signing address from a hash & signature.
- [recoverMessageAddress](/docs/utilities/recoverMessageAddress): Recovers the signing address from a message & signature.
- [recoverPublicKey](/docs/utilities/recoverPublicKey): Recovers the signing public key from a hash & signature.
- [recoverTransactionAddress](/docs/utilities/recoverTransactionAddress): Recovers the signing address from a transaction & signature.
- [recoverTypedDataAddress](/docs/utilities/recoverTypedDataAddress): Recovers the signing address from EIP-712 typed data & signature.
- [serializeCompactSignature](/docs/utilities/serializeCompactSignature): Serializes a compact signature into hex format.
- [serializeErc6492Signature](/docs/utilities/serializeErc6492Signature): Serializes a ERC-6492 flavoured signature into hex format.
- [serializeSignature](/docs/utilities/serializeSignature): Serializes a structured signature into hex format.
- [signatureToCompactSignature](/docs/utilities/signatureToCompactSignature): Parses a signature into a compact signature.
- [verifyMessage](/docs/utilities/verifyMessage): Verifies if a signed message was generated by the provided address.
- [verifyTypedData](/docs/utilities/verifyTypedData): Verifies a typed data signature
- [parseTransaction](/docs/utilities/parseTransaction): Converts a serialized transaction to a structured transaction.
- [serializeTransaction](/docs/utilities/serializeTransaction): Serializes a transaction object.
- [formatEther](/docs/utilities/formatEther): Converts numerical wei to a string representation of ether.
- [formatGwei](/docs/utilities/formatGwei): Converts numerical wei to a string representation of gwei.
- [formatUnits](/docs/utilities/formatUnits): Divides a number by a given exponent of base 10, and formats it into a string representation of the number.
- [parseEther](/docs/utilities/parseEther): Converts a string representation of ether to numerical wei.
- [parseGwei](/docs/utilities/parseGwei): Converts a string representation of gwei to numerical wei.
- [parseUnits](/docs/utilities/parseUnits): Multiplies a string representation of a number by a given exponent of base 10.
- [Terms](/docs/glossary/terms): Glossary of Terms in viem.
- [Types](/docs/glossary/types): Glossary of Types in viem.
- [Errors](/docs/glossary/errors): Glossary of Errors in viem.
- [Getting Started with Account Abstraction](/account-abstraction): Getting Started with Account Abstraction in Viem
- [Sending User Operations](/account-abstraction/guides/sending-user-operations)
- [Bundler Client](/account-abstraction/clients/bundler): A function to create a Bundler Client.
- [Paymaster Client](/account-abstraction/clients/paymaster): A function to create a Paymaster Client.
- [Smart Accounts](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart)
- [Coinbase Smart Wallet](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toCoinbaseSmartAccount)
- [MetaMask Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toMetaMaskSmartAccount)
- [Thirdweb Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toThirdwebSmartAccount)
- [Nexus Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toNexusSmartAccount)
- [Light Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toLightSmartAccount)
- [Kernel (ZeroDev) Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toEcdsaKernelSmartAccount)
- [Safe Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toSafeSmartAccount)
- [Simple Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toSimpleSmartAccount)
- [Solady Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toSoladySmartAccount)
- [Trust Smart Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toTrustSmartAccount)
- [toSmartAccount](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/toSmartAccount): Creates a Smart Account with a provided Account Implementation.
- [signMessage (Smart Account)](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/signMessage)
- [signTypedData (Smart Account)](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/signTypedData)
- [signUserOperation (Smart Account)](/account-abstraction/accounts/smart/signUserOperation)
- [WebAuthn Account](/account-abstraction/accounts/webauthn)
- [toWebAuthnAccount](/account-abstraction/accounts/webauthn/toWebAuthnAccount)
- [createWebAuthnCredential](/account-abstraction/accounts/webauthn/createWebAuthnCredential)
- [estimateUserOperationGas](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/estimateUserOperationGas): Estimates the gas values for a User Operation to be executed successfully.
- [getChainId](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/getChainId): Returns the chain ID associated with the bundler
- [getSupportedEntryPoints](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/getSupportedEntryPoints): Returns the EntryPoints that the bundler supports.
- [getUserOperation](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/getUserOperation): Retrieves information about a User Operation given a hash.
- [getUserOperationReceipt](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/getUserOperationReceipt): Returns the User Operation receipt given a User Operation hash.
- [prepareUserOperation](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/prepareUserOperation): Prepares a User Operation for execution and fills in missing properties.
- [sendUserOperation](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/sendUserOperation): Broadcasts a User Operation to the Bundler.
- [waitForUserOperationReceipt](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/waitForUserOperationReceipt): Waits for the User Operation to be included on a Block, and then returns the User Operation receipt.
- [getPaymasterData](/account-abstraction/actions/paymaster/getPaymasterData): Retrieves paymaster-related properties to be used for the User Operation.
- [getPaymasterStubData](/account-abstraction/actions/paymaster/getPaymasterStubData): Retrieves paymaster-related properties to be used for the User Operation.
- [Getting Started](/experimental): Getting started with experimental features in Viem
- [Extending Client with ERC-7715](/experimental/erc7715/client): Setting up your Viem Client
- [grantPermissions](/experimental/erc7715/grantPermissions): Request permissions from a wallet to perform actions on behalf of a user.
- [Extending Client with ERC-7739 Actions](/experimental/erc7739/client): Setting up your Viem Client
- [signMessage](/experimental/erc7739/signMessage): Signs a personal sign message via Solady's ERC-1271 format.
- [signTypedData](/experimental/erc7739/signTypedData): Signs typed data via Solady's ERC-1271 format.
- [hashMessage](/experimental/erc7739/hashMessage): Hashes an EIP-191 message via ERC-7739 format.
- [hashTypedData](/experimental/erc7739/hashTypedData): Hashes EIP-712 typed data via Solady's ERC-1271 format.
- [wrapTypedDataSignature](/experimental/erc7739/wrapTypedDataSignature)
- [Extending Client with ERC-7811 Actions](/experimental/erc7811/client): Setting up your Viem Client
- [getAssets](/experimental/erc7811/getAssets): Requests to get assets for an account from a Wallet.
- [Extending Client with ERC-7821 Actions](/experimental/erc7821/client): Setting up your Viem Client
- [execute](/experimental/erc7821/execute): Executes call(s) using the `execute` function on an ERC-7821-compatible contract.
- [executeBatches](/experimental/erc7821/executeBatches): Executes batches of call(s) on an ERC-7821-compatible contract.
- [supportsExecutionMode](/experimental/erc7821/supportsExecutionMode): Checks if the contract supports the ERC-7821 execution mode.
- [Extending Client with ERC-7846 Actions](/experimental/erc7846/client): Setting up your Viem Client
- [connect](/experimental/erc7846/connect): Requests to connect Account(s).
- [disconnect](/experimental/erc7846/disconnect): Requests to disconnect account(s).
- [Extending Client with ERC-7895 Actions](/experimental/erc7895/client): Setting up your Viem Client
- [addSubAccount](/experimental/erc7895/addSubAccount): Requests to add a Sub Account.
- [Client](/op-stack/client): Setting up your Viem Client with the OP Stack
- [Chains](/op-stack/chains)
- [Deposits](/op-stack/guides/deposits)
- [Withdrawals](/op-stack/guides/withdrawals)
- [buildDepositTransaction](/op-stack/actions/buildDepositTransaction): Builds & prepares parameters for a deposit transaction to be initiated on an L1 and executed on the L2.
- [buildProveWithdrawal](/op-stack/actions/buildProveWithdrawal): Builds the transaction that proves a withdrawal was initiated on an L2.
- [estimateContractL1Fee](/op-stack/actions/estimateContractL1Fee): Estimates the L1 fee to execute an L2 contract write.
- [estimateContractL1Gas](/op-stack/actions/estimateContractL1Gas): Estimates the L1 gas to execute an L2 contract write.
- [estimateContractTotalFee](/op-stack/actions/estimateContractTotalFee): Estimates the total (L1 + L2) fee to execute an L2 contract write.
- [estimateContractTotalGas](/op-stack/actions/estimateContractTotalGas): Estimates the total (L1 + L2) gas to execute an L2 contract write.
- [estimateInitiateWithdrawalGas](/op-stack/actions/estimateInitiateWithdrawalGas): Estimates gas required to initiate a withdrawal on an L2 to the L1.
- [estimateL1Fee](/op-stack/actions/estimateL1Fee): Estimates the L1 fee to execute an L2 transaction.
- [estimateL1Gas](/op-stack/actions/estimateL1Gas): Estimates the amount of L1 gas required to execute an L2 transaction
- [estimateOperatorFee](/op-stack/actions/estimateOperatorFee): Estimates the operator fee to execute an L2 transaction.
- [estimateTotalFee](/op-stack/actions/estimateTotalFee): Estimates the L1 + L2 + operator fee to execute an L2 transaction.
- [estimateTotalGas](/op-stack/actions/estimateTotalGas): Estimates the amount of L1 + L2 gas required to execute an L2 transaction
- [initiateWithdrawal](/op-stack/actions/initiateWithdrawal): Initiates a withdrawal on an L2 to the L1.
- [buildInitiateWithdrawal](/op-stack/actions/buildInitiateWithdrawal): Builds & prepares parameters for a withdrawal to be initiated on an L2.
- [estimateDepositTransactionGas](/op-stack/actions/estimateDepositTransactionGas): Estimates gas to initiate a deposit transaction on an L1, which executes a transaction on an L2.
- [estimateFinalizeWithdrawalGas](/op-stack/actions/estimateFinalizeWithdrawalGas): Estimates gas required to finalize a withdrawal that occurred on an L2.
- [estimateProveWithdrawalGas](/op-stack/actions/estimateProveWithdrawalGas): Estimates gas required to prove a withdrawal that occurred on an L2.
- [getGame](/op-stack/actions/getGame): Retrieves a valid dispute game on an L2 that occurred after a provided L2 block number.
- [getGames](/op-stack/actions/getGames): Retrieves dispute games for an L2.
- [getL2Output](/op-stack/actions/getL2Output): Retrieves the first L2 output proposal that occurred after a provided block number.
- [getTimeToFinalize](/op-stack/actions/getTimeToFinalize): Returns the time until the withdrawal transaction can be finalized.
- [getTimeToNextGame](/op-stack/actions/getTimeToNextGame): Returns the time until the next L2 dispute game is submitted.
- [getTimeToNextL2Output](/op-stack/actions/getTimeToNextL2Output): Builds & prepares parameters for a withdrawal to be initiated on an L2.
- [getTimeToProve](/op-stack/actions/getTimeToProve): Gets time until the L2 withdrawal transaction is ready to be proved.
- [getWithdrawalStatus](/op-stack/actions/getWithdrawalStatus): Returns the current status of a withdrawal.
- [waitForNextGame](/op-stack/actions/waitForNextGame): Waits for the next dispute game to be submitted.
- [waitForNextL2Output](/op-stack/actions/waitForNextL2Output): Waits for the next L2 output (after the provided block number) to be submitted.
- [waitToFinalize](/op-stack/actions/waitToFinalize): Waits until the withdrawal transaction can be finalized.
- [waitToProve](/op-stack/actions/waitToProve): Waits until the L2 withdrawal transaction is ready to be proved.
- [depositTransaction](/op-stack/actions/depositTransaction): Initiates a deposit transaction on an L1, which executes a transaction on an L2.
- [finalizeWithdrawal](/op-stack/actions/finalizeWithdrawal): Finalizes a withdrawal that occurred on an L2.
- [proveWithdrawal](/op-stack/actions/proveWithdrawal): Proves a withdrawal that occurred on an L2.
- [extractTransactionDepositedLogs](/op-stack/utilities/extractTransactionDepositedLogs): Extracts "TransactionDeposited" logs from an opaque array of logs.
- [extractWithdrawalMessageLogs](/op-stack/utilities/extractWithdrawalMessageLogs): Extracts "MessagePassed" logs from a withdrawal initialization from an opaque array of logs.
- [getL2TransactionHash](/op-stack/utilities/getL2TransactionHash): Computes the L2 transaction hash from an L1 "TransactionDeposited" log.
- [getL2TransactionHashes](/op-stack/utilities/getL2TransactionHashes): Computes the L2 transaction hashes from an array of L1 "TransactionDeposited" logs.
- [getWithdrawals](/op-stack/utilities/getWithdrawals): Gets the messages from a withdrawal initialization.
- [getSourceHash](/op-stack/utilities/getSourceHash): Computes source hash of a deposit transaction.
- [opaqueDataToDepositData](/op-stack/utilities/opaqueDataToDepositData): Converts opaque data into a structured deposit data format.
- [getWithdrawalHashStorageSlot](/op-stack/utilities/getWithdrawalHashStorageSlot): Computes the withdrawal hash storage slot to be used when proving a withdrawal.
- [parseTransaction (OP Stack)](/op-stack/utilities/parseTransaction): Converts a serialized transaction to a structured transaction, with support for OP Stack.
- [serializeTransaction (OP Stack)](/op-stack/utilities/serializeTransaction): Serializes a transaction object, with support for OP Stack.
- [USDC (Circle)](/circle-usdc)
- [Integrating USDC into Your Application](/circle-usdc/guides/integrating)
- [Cross-Chain USDC Transfers](/circle-usdc/guides/cross-chain)
- [Cross Chain USDC Transfers with Bridge Kit](/circle-usdc/guides/bridge-kit)
- [Cross Chain USDC Transfers (CCTP Integration)](/circle-usdc/guides/manual-cctp)
- [Gasless USDC Transfers with Circle Paymaster](/circle-usdc/guides/paymaster)
- [Circle Smart Account](/circle-usdc/guides/smart-account)
- [Getting Started](/tempo/)
- [Chains](/tempo/chains)
- [Guides](/tempo/guides/): Task-oriented guides for building common Tempo features with Viem.
- [Create an Account](/tempo/guides/accounts/create): Create a Tempo Account from a private key, passkey, or device-bound key, and use it with a Viem client.
- [Sign In with a Passkey](/tempo/guides/accounts/passkeys): Create and restore WebAuthn passkey accounts for non-custodial browser sign-in on Tempo.
- [Use the Tempo Accounts SDK](/tempo/guides/accounts/accounts-sdk): Connect a Tempo account with the Tempo Accounts SDK and drive it with Viem and Tempo Actions.
- [Tempo Transactions](/tempo/transactions): Send your first Tempo Transaction with Viem, and discover the payment-native features they unlock.
- [Batch Calls](/tempo/guides/batch-calls): Bundle multiple operations into a single atomic Tempo Transaction.
- [Concurrent Transactions](/tempo/guides/concurrent-transactions): Send multiple Tempo Transactions in parallel using concurrent nonces.
- [Scheduled Transactions](/tempo/guides/scheduled-transactions): Sign a Tempo Transaction now and define when it can execute onchain.
- [Pay Fees in a Stablecoin](/tempo/guides/pay-fees): Pay Tempo transaction fees in any USD-denominated TIP-20 stablecoin.
- [Sponsor User Fees](/tempo/guides/sponsor-fees): Sponsor transaction fees on behalf of your users for a gasless experience on Tempo.
- [Multisig Transactions](/tempo/guides/multisig-transactions): Send a Tempo Transaction from a native multisig account by collecting owner approvals.
- [Create a TIP-20 Token](/tempo/guides/create-token): Deploy a TIP-20 stablecoin on Tempo and read its onchain metadata.
- [Mint & Burn Tokens](/tempo/guides/manage-token-balances): Mint and burn TIP-20 token supply on Tempo.
- [Transfer Tokens](/tempo/guides/transfer-tokens): Transfer TIP-20 tokens, authorize spenders, and read balances on Tempo.
- [Manage Token Roles & Supply](/tempo/guides/manage-token-roles): Grant and revoke TIP-20 roles, cap supply, and pause transfers on Tempo.
- [Configure Transfer Policies](/tempo/guides/transfer-policies): Restrict which accounts can send or receive a TIP-20 token with a transfer policy.
- [Distribute Token Rewards](/tempo/guides/token-rewards): Distribute rewards to TIP-20 holders and let them claim their share on Tempo.
- [Access Keys](/tempo/guides/access-keys/): Delegate signing to a secondary key with access keys, with spending limits, scopes, admin keys, and signature verification.
- [Authorize Access Keys](/tempo/guides/access-keys/authorize): Authorize an access key to sign transactions on behalf of an account, and defer authorization to a transaction.
- [Set Permissions & Limits](/tempo/guides/access-keys/permissions): Restrict an access key with an expiry, per-token spending limits, recurring limits, and call scopes.
- [Manage Access Keys](/tempo/guides/access-keys/manage): Update spending limits, revoke access keys, and inspect their onchain metadata and remaining limits.
- [Admin Access Keys](/tempo/guides/access-keys/admin): Authorize unrestricted admin access keys that can manage an account's other keys, and check admin status.
- [Witnesses](/tempo/guides/access-keys/witnesses): Bind a witness to a key authorization and burn it to revoke signed-but-not-yet-submitted authorizations.
- [Verify Signatures](/tempo/guides/access-keys/verify): Verify that a keychain signature was produced by an active access key for the expected account.
- [Stablecoin Exchange](/tempo/guides/stablecoin-exchange/): Trade stablecoins on Tempo's enshrined DEX, manage orders and balances, create trading pairs, and provide Fee AMM liquidity.
- [Swap Stablecoins](/tempo/guides/stablecoin-exchange/swap): Quote and swap one USD-denominated TIP-20 stablecoin for another on Tempo's enshrined DEX.
- [Place & Manage Orders](/tempo/guides/stablecoin-exchange/orders): Place limit and flip orders on Tempo's Stablecoin DEX, then read, inspect, and cancel them.
- [Manage Exchange Balances](/tempo/guides/stablecoin-exchange/balances): Read your internal Stablecoin DEX balances and withdraw them back to your Tempo wallet.
- [Create a Trading Pair](/tempo/guides/stablecoin-exchange/create-pair): Create a new trading pair on Tempo's Stablecoin DEX and configure a token's quote token.
- [Provide Fee AMM Liquidity](/tempo/guides/stablecoin-exchange/fee-amm-liquidity): Add and remove liquidity in Tempo's Fee AMM so stablecoin fee conversions can settle.
- [Virtual Addresses](/tempo/guides/virtual-addresses/): Register a master address and accept TIP-20 deposits at unlimited virtual addresses that forward to you without sweeps.
- [Register a Master Address](/tempo/guides/virtual-addresses/register): Mine a TIP-1022 proof-of-work salt and register a master address for virtual-address deposit forwarding.
- [Resolve & Accept Payments](/tempo/guides/virtual-addresses/resolve): Derive per-customer virtual deposit addresses offchain and resolve them to your master wallet.
- [Receive Policies](/tempo/guides/receive-policies/): Control who can pay you on Tempo with receive policies, validate inbound transfers, and recover blocked funds.
- [Set a Receive Policy](/tempo/guides/receive-policies/set): Set and read an account's receive policy to control which senders and tokens it accepts.
- [Validate Transfers](/tempo/guides/receive-policies/validate): Check whether a TIP-20 transfer would be accepted by a recipient's receive policy before sending it.
- [Handle Blocked Funds](/tempo/guides/receive-policies/blocked): Read, claim, and burn TIP-20 funds that a receive policy blocked from being credited.
- [Payment Channels](/tempo/guides/payment-channels/): Open funded TIP-20 channels on Tempo, stream off-chain vouchers, and settle or close to move funds onchain.
- [Open & Fund a Channel](/tempo/guides/payment-channels/open): Open and fund a TIP-20 payment channel on Tempo, top it up, and read its onchain state.
- [Send & Settle Vouchers](/tempo/guides/payment-channels/vouchers): Sign off-chain TIP-20 channel vouchers as the payer and settle them onchain as the payee.
- [Close & Withdraw](/tempo/guides/payment-channels/close): Close a TIP-20 payment channel from either side and withdraw the remaining deposit on Tempo.
- [Private Zones](/tempo/guides/zones/): Connect to private Tempo Zones, deposit funds into them, and withdraw back to Tempo Mainnet.
- [Connect to a Zone](/tempo/guides/zones/connect): Connect a Viem client to a private Tempo Zone and authenticate with an authorization token.
- [Deposit to a Zone](/tempo/guides/zones/deposit): Deposit TIP-20 stablecoins from Tempo Mainnet into a private Tempo Zone.
- [Withdraw from a Zone](/tempo/guides/zones/withdraw): Withdraw TIP-20 stablecoins from a private Tempo Zone back to Tempo Mainnet.
- [Accounts](/tempo/accounts/)
- [Account.fromSecp256k1](/tempo/accounts/account.fromSecp256k1)
- [Account.fromP256](/tempo/accounts/account.fromP256)
- [Account.fromWebAuthnP256](/tempo/accounts/account.fromWebAuthnP256)
- [Account.fromWebCryptoP256](/tempo/accounts/account.fromWebCryptoP256)
- [Account.fromMultisig](/tempo/accounts/account.fromMultisig)
- [Overview](/tempo/actions/)
- [accessKey.authorize](/tempo/actions/accessKey.authorize)
- [accessKey.burnWitness](/tempo/actions/accessKey.burnWitness)
- [accessKey.getMetadata](/tempo/actions/accessKey.getMetadata)
- [accessKey.getRemainingLimit](/tempo/actions/accessKey.getRemainingLimit)
- [accessKey.isAdmin](/tempo/actions/accessKey.isAdmin)
- [accessKey.isWitnessBurned](/tempo/actions/accessKey.isWitnessBurned)
- [accessKey.revoke](/tempo/actions/accessKey.revoke)
- [accessKey.signAuthorization](/tempo/actions/accessKey.signAuthorization)
- [accessKey.updateLimit](/tempo/actions/accessKey.updateLimit)
- [accessKey.verifyHash](/tempo/actions/accessKey.verifyHash)
- [accessKey.watchAdminAuthorized](/tempo/actions/accessKey.watchAdminAuthorized)
- [accessKey.watchWitness](/tempo/actions/accessKey.watchWitness)
- [accessKey.watchWitnessBurned](/tempo/actions/accessKey.watchWitnessBurned)
- [amm.burn](/tempo/actions/amm.burn)
- [amm.getLiquidityBalance](/tempo/actions/amm.getLiquidityBalance)
- [amm.getPool](/tempo/actions/amm.getPool)
- [amm.mint](/tempo/actions/amm.mint)
- [amm.rebalanceSwap](/tempo/actions/amm.rebalanceSwap)
- [amm.watchBurn](/tempo/actions/amm.watchBurn)
- [amm.watchMint](/tempo/actions/amm.watchMint)
- [amm.watchRebalanceSwap](/tempo/actions/amm.watchRebalanceSwap)
- [channel.close](/tempo/actions/channel.close)
- [channel.getStates](/tempo/actions/channel.getStates)
- [channel.open](/tempo/actions/channel.open)
- [channel.requestClose](/tempo/actions/channel.requestClose)
- [channel.settle](/tempo/actions/channel.settle)
- [channel.signVoucher](/tempo/actions/channel.signVoucher)
- [channel.topUp](/tempo/actions/channel.topUp)
- [channel.withdraw](/tempo/actions/channel.withdraw)
- [fee.getUserToken](/tempo/actions/fee.getUserToken)
- [fee.setUserToken](/tempo/actions/fee.setUserToken)
- [fee.watchSetUserToken](/tempo/actions/fee.watchSetUserToken)
- [nonce.getNonce](/tempo/actions/nonce.getNonce)
- [nonce.watchNonceIncremented](/tempo/actions/nonce.watchNonceIncremented)
- [policy.create](/tempo/actions/policy.create)
- [policy.getData](/tempo/actions/policy.getData)
- [policy.isAuthorized](/tempo/actions/policy.isAuthorized)
- [policy.modifyBlacklist](/tempo/actions/policy.modifyBlacklist)
- [policy.modifyWhitelist](/tempo/actions/policy.modifyWhitelist)
- [policy.setAdmin](/tempo/actions/policy.setAdmin)
- [policy.watchAdminUpdated](/tempo/actions/policy.watchAdminUpdated)
- [policy.watchBlacklistUpdated](/tempo/actions/policy.watchBlacklistUpdated)
- [policy.watchCreate](/tempo/actions/policy.watchCreate)
- [policy.watchWhitelistUpdated](/tempo/actions/policy.watchWhitelistUpdated)
- [receivePolicy.burn](/tempo/actions/receivePolicy.burn)
- [receivePolicy.claim](/tempo/actions/receivePolicy.claim)
- [receivePolicy.get](/tempo/actions/receivePolicy.get)
- [receivePolicy.getBlockedBalance](/tempo/actions/receivePolicy.getBlockedBalance)
- [receivePolicy.set](/tempo/actions/receivePolicy.set)
- [receivePolicy.validate](/tempo/actions/receivePolicy.validate)
- [receivePolicy.watchBlocked](/tempo/actions/receivePolicy.watchBlocked)
- [receivePolicy.watchBurned](/tempo/actions/receivePolicy.watchBurned)
- [receivePolicy.watchClaimed](/tempo/actions/receivePolicy.watchClaimed)
- [receivePolicy.watchUpdated](/tempo/actions/receivePolicy.watchUpdated)
- [faucet.fund](/tempo/actions/faucet.fund)
- [reward.claim](/tempo/actions/reward.claim)
- [reward.distribute](/tempo/actions/reward.distribute)
- [reward.getGlobalRewardPerToken](/tempo/actions/reward.getGlobalRewardPerToken)
- [reward.getPendingRewards](/tempo/actions/reward.getPendingRewards)
- [reward.getUserRewardInfo](/tempo/actions/reward.getUserRewardInfo)
- [reward.setRecipient](/tempo/actions/reward.setRecipient)
- [reward.watchRewardDistributed](/tempo/actions/reward.watchRewardDistributed)
- [reward.watchRewardRecipientSet](/tempo/actions/reward.watchRewardRecipientSet)
- [simulate.simulateBlocks](/tempo/actions/simulate.simulateBlocks)
- [simulate.simulateCalls](/tempo/actions/simulate.simulateCalls)
- [dex.buy](/tempo/actions/dex.buy)
- [dex.cancel](/tempo/actions/dex.cancel)
- [dex.cancelStale](/tempo/actions/dex.cancelStale)
- [dex.createPair](/tempo/actions/dex.createPair)
- [dex.getBalance](/tempo/actions/dex.getBalance)
- [dex.getBuyQuote](/tempo/actions/dex.getBuyQuote)
- [dex.getOrder](/tempo/actions/dex.getOrder)
- [dex.getTickLevel](/tempo/actions/dex.getTickLevel)
- [dex.getSellQuote](/tempo/actions/dex.getSellQuote)
- [dex.place](/tempo/actions/dex.place)
- [dex.placeFlip](/tempo/actions/dex.placeFlip)
- [dex.sell](/tempo/actions/dex.sell)
- [dex.watchFlipOrderPlaced](/tempo/actions/dex.watchFlipOrderPlaced)
- [dex.watchOrderCancelled](/tempo/actions/dex.watchOrderCancelled)
- [dex.watchOrderFilled](/tempo/actions/dex.watchOrderFilled)
- [dex.watchOrderPlaced](/tempo/actions/dex.watchOrderPlaced)
- [dex.withdraw](/tempo/actions/dex.withdraw)
- [token.approve](/tempo/actions/token.approve)
- [token.burn](/tempo/actions/token.burn)
- [token.burnBlocked](/tempo/actions/token.burnBlocked)
- [token.changeTransferPolicy](/tempo/actions/token.changeTransferPolicy)
- [token.create](/tempo/actions/token.create)
- [token.getAllowance](/tempo/actions/token.getAllowance)
- [token.getBalance](/tempo/actions/token.getBalance)
- [token.getMetadata](/tempo/actions/token.getMetadata)
- [token.grantRoles](/tempo/actions/token.grantRoles)
- [token.hasRole](/tempo/actions/token.hasRole)
- [token.mint](/tempo/actions/token.mint)
- [token.pause](/tempo/actions/token.pause)
- [token.renounceRoles](/tempo/actions/token.renounceRoles)
- [token.revokeRoles](/tempo/actions/token.revokeRoles)
- [token.setRoleAdmin](/tempo/actions/token.setRoleAdmin)
- [token.setSupplyCap](/tempo/actions/token.setSupplyCap)
- [token.transfer](/tempo/actions/token.transfer)
- [token.unpause](/tempo/actions/token.unpause)
- [token.watchAdminRole](/tempo/actions/token.watchAdminRole)
- [token.watchApprove](/tempo/actions/token.watchApprove)
- [token.watchBurn](/tempo/actions/token.watchBurn)
- [token.watchCreate](/tempo/actions/token.watchCreate)
- [token.watchMint](/tempo/actions/token.watchMint)
- [token.watchRole](/tempo/actions/token.watchRole)
- [token.watchTransfer](/tempo/actions/token.watchTransfer)
- [validator.add](/tempo/actions/validator.add)
- [validator.changeOwner](/tempo/actions/validator.changeOwner)
- [validator.changeStatus](/tempo/actions/validator.changeStatus)
- [validator.get](/tempo/actions/validator.get)
- [validator.getByIndex](/tempo/actions/validator.getByIndex)
- [validator.getCount](/tempo/actions/validator.getCount)
- [validator.getNextFullDkgCeremony](/tempo/actions/validator.getNextFullDkgCeremony)
- [validator.getOwner](/tempo/actions/validator.getOwner)
- [validator.list](/tempo/actions/validator.list)
- [validator.setNextFullDkgCeremony](/tempo/actions/validator.setNextFullDkgCeremony)
- [validator.update](/tempo/actions/validator.update)
- [virtualAddress.getMasterAddress](/tempo/actions/virtualAddress.getMasterAddress)
- [virtualAddress.registerMaster](/tempo/actions/virtualAddress.registerMaster)
- [virtualAddress.resolve](/tempo/actions/virtualAddress.resolve)
- [wallet.deposit](/tempo/actions/wallet.deposit)
- [wallet.transfer](/tempo/actions/wallet.transfer)
- [wallet.swap](/tempo/actions/wallet.swap)
- [zone.deposit](/tempo/actions/zone.deposit)
- [zone.encryptedDeposit](/tempo/actions/zone.encryptedDeposit)
- [zone.getAuthorizationTokenInfo](/tempo/actions/zone.getAuthorizationTokenInfo)
- [zone.getDepositStatus](/tempo/actions/zone.getDepositStatus)
- [zone.getWithdrawalFee](/tempo/actions/zone.getWithdrawalFee)
- [zone.getZoneInfo](/tempo/actions/zone.getZoneInfo)
- [zone.requestVerifiableWithdrawal](/tempo/actions/zone.requestVerifiableWithdrawal)
- [zone.requestWithdrawal](/tempo/actions/zone.requestWithdrawal)
- [zone.signAuthorizationToken](/tempo/actions/zone.signAuthorizationToken)
- [withRelay](/tempo/transports/withRelay)
- [TempoAddress.format](/tempo/utilities/TempoAddress.format)
- [TempoAddress.parse](/tempo/utilities/TempoAddress.parse)
- [TempoAddress.validate](/tempo/utilities/TempoAddress.validate)
- [Storage.defaultStorage](/tempo/utilities/Storage.defaultStorage)
- [Storage.from](/tempo/utilities/Storage.from)
- [Storage.memory](/tempo/utilities/Storage.memory)
- [Storage.session](/tempo/utilities/Storage.session)
- [Client](/zksync/client): Setting up your ZKsync Viem Client
- [Chains](/zksync/chains)
- [toSinglesigSmartAccount (ZKsync)](/zksync/accounts/toSinglesigSmartAccount): Creates a single-signature ZKsync Smart Account
- [toMultisigSmartAccount (ZKsync)](/zksync/accounts/toMultisigSmartAccount): Creates a multi-signature ZKsync Smart Account
- [toSmartAccount (ZKsync)](/zksync/accounts/toSmartAccount): Creates a ZKsync Smart Account
- [deployContract](/zksync/actions/deployContract): Deploys a contract to the network, given bytecode & constructor arguments by using EIP712 transaction.
- [sendTransaction](/zksync/actions/sendTransaction): Creates, signs, and sends a new transaction to the network, with EIP712 transaction support.
- [signTransaction](/zksync/actions/signTransaction): Signs a transaction, with EIP712 transaction support.
- [writeContract](/zksync/actions/writeContract): Executes a write function on a contract, with EIP712 transaction support.
- [estimateGasL1ToL2](/zksync/actions/estimateGasL1ToL2): Returns an estimated gas for L1 to L2 execution.
- [getBlockDetails](/zksync/actions/getBlockDetails): Returns additional ZKsync-specific information about the L2 block.
- [getBridgehubContractAddress](/zksync/actions/getBridgehubContractAddress): Returns the Bridgehub smart contract address.
- [getDefaultBridgeAddresses](/zksync/actions/getDefaultBridgeAddress): Returns the addresses of the default ZKsync Era bridge contracts on both L1 and L2.
- [getGasPerPubData](/zksync/actions/getGasPerPubData): Returns the scaled gas per pubdata limit for the currently open batch.
- [getL1BatchDetails](/zksync/actions/getL1BatchDetails): Returns data pertaining to a given batch.
- [getL1BatchBlockRange](/zksync/actions/getL1BatchBlockRange): Returns the range of blocks contained within a batch given by batch number.
- [getL1BatchNumber](/zksync/actions/getL1BatchNumber): Returns the latest L1 batch number.
- [getL1TokenAddress](/zksync/actions/getL1TokenAddress): Returns the L1 token address equivalent for a L2 token address as they are not equal.
- [getL2TokenAddress](/zksync/actions/getL2TokenAddress): Returns the L2 token address equivalent for a L1 token address as they are not equal.
- [getLogProof](/zksync/actions/getLogProof): Given a transaction hash, and an index of the L2 to L1 log produced within the transaction, it returns the proof for the corresponding L2 to L1 log.
- [getTransactionDetails](/zksync/actions/getTransactionDetails): Returns data from a specific transaction given by the transaction hash.
- [estimateFee](/zksync/actions/estimateFee): Returns an estimated Fee for requested transaction.
- [getAllBalances](/zksync/actions/getAllBalances): Returns all known balances for a given account.
- [getBaseTokenL1Address](/zksync/actions/getBaseTokenL1Address): Returns the base token L1 address.
- [getL1ChainId](/zksync/actions/getL1ChainId): Returns the Chain Id of underlying L1 network.
- [getMainContractAddress](/zksync/actions/getMainContractAddress): Returns the address of a Main ZKsync Contract.
- [getRawBlockTransaction](/zksync/actions/getRawBlockTransactions): Returns data of transactions in a block.
- [getTestnetPaymasterAddress (depreated)](/zksync/actions/getTestnetPaymasterAddress): Returns the address of a Paymaster on a Testnet.
- [getL1Allowance](/zksync/actions/getL1Allowance): Determines the amount of approved tokens for a specific L1 bridge.
- [getL1Balance](/zksync/actions/getL1Balance): Returns the amount of the token held by the account on the L1 network.
- [getL1TokenBalance](/zksync/actions/getL1TokenBalance): Retrieve the token balance held by the contract on L1.
- [isWithdrawalFinalized](/zksync/actions/isWithdrawalFinalized): Returns whether the withdrawal transaction is finalized on the L1 network.
- [withdraw](/zksync/actions/withdraw): Initiates the withdrawal process which withdraws ETH or any ERC20 token from the associated account on L2 network to the target account on L1 network.
- [requestExecute](/zksync/actions/requestExecute): Requests execution of a L2 transaction from L1.
- [finalizeWithdrawal](/zksync/actions/finalizeWithdrawal): Proves the inclusion of the `L2->L1` withdrawal message.
- [deposit](/zksync/actions/deposit): Transfers the specified token from the associated account on the L1 network to the target account on the L2 network.
- [claimFailedDeposit](/zksync/actions/claimFailedDeposit): Withdraws funds from the initiated deposit, which failed when finalizing on L2.
- [getApprovalBasedPaymasterInput](/zksync/utilities/paymaster/getApprovalBasedPaymasterInput): Returns encoded formatted approval-based paymaster params.
- [getGeneralPaymasterInput](/zksync/utilities/paymaster/getGeneralPaymasterInput): Returns encoded formatted general-based paymaster params.
- [getL2HashFromPriorityOp](/zksync/utilities/bridge/getL2HashFromPriorityOp): Returns the hash of the L2 priority operation from a given L1 transaction receipt.
- [parseEip712Transaction](/zksync/utilities/parseEip712Transaction): Parse EIP712 transaction.
- [Viem · TypeScript Interface for Ethereum](/index)
- [Client](/experimental/client): Setting up your Viem Client
- [ZKsync](/docs/chains/zksync): Integrating with ZKsync in Viem
- [defineKzg](/docs/utilities/defineKzg): Defines a KZG interface.
- [fromBase58](/docs/utilities/fromBase58)
- [fromBase64](/docs/utilities/fromBase64)
- [toBase58](/docs/utilities/toBase58)
- [toBase64](/docs/utilities/toBase64)
- [opaqueDataToDepositData](/op-stack/utilities/fromOpaqueData): Decodes opaque deposit data found in the "TransactionDeposited" event log.
- [fee.validateToken](/tempo/actions/fee.validateToken)
- [Setup](/tempo/actions/setup)
- [withFeePayer](/tempo/transports/withFeePayer)
- [TODO](/account-abstraction/actions/bundler/introduction)
- [verifyHash](/docs/actions/public/verifyHash): Verifies if a signed hash was generated by the provided address.
-->

# TypeScript \[TypeScript support for Viem]

viem is designed to be as type-safe as possible! Things to keep in mind:

* Types currently require using TypeScript v5.0.4 or greater.
* Changes to types in this repository are considered non-breaking and are usually released as patch semver changes (otherwise every type enhancement would be a major version!).
* It is highly recommended that you lock your `viem` package version to a specific patch release and upgrade with the expectation that types may be fixed or upgraded between any release.
* The non-type-related public API of `viem` still follows semver very strictly.

To ensure everything works correctly, make sure that your `tsconfig.json` has [`strict`](https://www.typescriptlang.org/tsconfig#strict) mode set to `true`:

```json [tsconfig.json]
{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "strict": true // [!code focus]
  }
}
```

## Type Inference

viem can infer types based on [ABI](https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/v0.8.24/abi-spec.html#json) and [EIP-712](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712) Typed Data definitions (powered by [ABIType](https://abitype.dev)), giving you full end-to-end type-safety from your contracts to your frontend and incredible developer experience (e.g. autocomplete ABI function names and catch misspellings, strongly-typed ABI function arguments, etc.).

For this to work, you must either add [const assertions](https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/release-notes/typescript-3-4#const-assertions) to specific configuration parameters (more info on those below) or **define them inline**. For example, [`readContract`](/docs/contract/readContract)'s `abi` configuration parameter:

```ts twoslash
// @twoslash-cache: {"v":2,"hash":"20bb92c0cadaacf17c5a1e89c8b1308a6dd8c36e3a5062bec8a4d72858c15fd8","data":"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="}
import { createPublicClient, http, parseAbi } from 'viem'

const client = createPublicClient({
  transport: http()
})
// ---cut---
const abi = [{ // [!code focus]
  type: 'function', // [!code focus]
  name: 'balanceOf', // [!code focus]
  stateMutability: 'view', // [!code focus]
  inputs: [{ type: 'address' }], // [!code focus]
  outputs: [{ type: 'uint256' }], // [!code focus]
}] as const // [!code focus]
// @log:       ↑ const assertion

const result = client.readContract({
  address: '0x27a69ffba1e939ddcfecc8c7e0f967b872bac65c',
  abi, 
  functionName: 'balanceOf',
  args: ['0xa5cc3c03994DB5b0d9A5eEdD10CabaB0813678AC']
})
```

```ts twoslash
// @twoslash-cache: {"v":2,"hash":"4a22c673a1f3ad4f619993cf860a3735522410610fac45a0cdd4fdef21db23f4","data":"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="}
import { createPublicClient, http, parseAbi } from 'viem'

const client = createPublicClient({
  transport: http()
})
// ---cut---
// @log:   ↓ defined inline
const result = client.readContract({
  address: '0x27a69ffba1e939ddcfecc8c7e0f967b872bac65c',
  abi: [{ // [!code focus]
    type: 'function', // [!code focus]
    name: 'balanceOf', // [!code focus]
    stateMutability: 'view', // [!code focus]
    inputs: [{ type: 'address' }], // [!code focus]
    outputs: [{ type: 'uint256' }], // [!code focus]
  }], // [!code focus]
  functionName: 'balanceOf',
  args: ['0xa5cc3c03994DB5b0d9A5eEdD10CabaB0813678AC']
})
```

If type inference isn't working, it's likely you forgot to add a `const` assertion or define the configuration parameter inline.

:::tip
Unfortunately [TypeScript doesn't support importing JSON as const](https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/issues/32063). Check out [`@wagmi/cli`](https://wagmi.sh/cli) to help with this! It can automatically fetch ABIs from Etherscan, resolve ABIs from your Foundry/Hardhat projects, and much more.
:::

### Contract ABIs

The following actions and utilities support type inference when you add a const assertion to `abi` or define `abi` inline:

#### Actions

* [`createEventFilter`](/docs/actions/public/createEventFilter)
* [`watchEvent`](/docs/actions/public/watchEvent)
* [`createContractEventFilter`](/docs/contract/createContractEventFilter)
* [`deployContract`](/docs/contract/deployContract)
* [`estimateContractGas`](/docs/contract/estimateContractGas)
* [`multicall`](/docs/contract/multicall)
* [`readContract`](/docs/contract/readContract)
* [`simulateContract`](/docs/contract/simulateContract)
* [`writeContract`](/docs/contract/writeContract)
* [`watchContractEvent`](/docs/contract/watchContractEvent)

#### Utilities

* [`decodeEventLog` ](/docs/contract/decodeEventLog)
* [`decodeFunctionResult` ](/docs/contract/decodeFunctionResult)
* [`encodeDeployData` ](/docs/contract/encodeDeployData)
* [`encodeErrorResult` ](/docs/contract/encodeErrorResult)
* [`encodeEventTopics` ](/docs/contract/encodeEventTopics)
* [`encodeFunctionData` ](/docs/contract/encodeFunctionData)
* [`encodeFunctionResult` ](/docs/contract/encodeFunctionResult)
* [`getAbiItem` ](/docs/abi/getAbiItem)

For example, `readContract`:

```ts twoslash
// @twoslash-cache: {"v":2,"hash":"7b6bfbb3b75f319a0f3357da2662ffd3717348cd81b09c62158aa4a128a656fa","data":"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="}
// @noErrors
import { createPublicClient, http, erc20Abi, parseAbi } from 'viem'

const client = createPublicClient({
  transport: http()
})
// ---cut---
const result = await client.readContract({
  //  ^?


  address: '0xecb504d39723b0be0e3a9aa33d646642d1051ee1',
  abi: erc20Abi,
  functionName: 'balanceOf',
  //         ^?
  
  
  // ↑ Notice how "transfer" is not included since it is not a "read" function

  args: ['0x27a69ffba1e939ddcfecc8c7e0f967b872bac65c'],
  // ^?
})
```

### EIP-712 Typed Data

Adding a const assertion to `types` or defining `types` inline adds type inference to [`signTypedData`](/docs/actions/wallet/signTypedData)'s `value` configuration parameter:

```ts twoslash
// @twoslash-cache: {"v":2,"hash":"d9573dd6e9139212f03d6867a89b4fd730e7fca96a2fe550f4121e243c317095","data":"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"}
import { createWalletClient, http, erc20Abi, parseAbi } from 'viem'

const client = createWalletClient({
  account: '0x',
  transport: http()
})
// ---cut---
const result = client.signTypedData({
  domain: {
    name: 'Ether Mail',
    version: '1',
    chainId: 1,
    verifyingContract: '0xCcCCccccCCCCcCCCCCCcCcCccCcCCCcCcccccccC',
  },

  types: {
    Person: [
      { name: 'name', type: 'string' },
      { name: 'wallet', type: 'address' },
    ],
    Mail: [
      { name: 'from', type: 'Person' },
      { name: 'to', type: 'Person' },
      { name: 'contents', type: 'string' },
    ],
  },

  primaryType: 'Mail',

  message: {
    // ^?


    from: {
      name: 'Cow',
      wallet: '0xCD2a3d9F938E13CD947Ec05AbC7FE734Df8DD826',
    },
    to: {
      name: 'Bob',
      wallet: '0xbBbBBBBbbBBBbbbBbbBbbbbBBbBbbbbBbBbbBBbB',
    },
    contents: 'Hello, Bob!',
  },
})
```

### Other

The following utilities support type inference when you use const assertions or define arguments inline:

* [`decodeAbiParameters` ](/docs/abi/decodeAbiParameters)
* [`encodeAbiParameters` ](/docs/abi/encodeAbiParameters)
* [`encodePacked` ](/docs/abi/encodePacked)
* [`parseAbi` ](/docs/abi/parseAbi)
* [`parseAbiItem` ](/docs/abi/parseAbiItem)
* [`parseAbiParameter` ](/docs/abi/parseAbiParameter)
* [`parseAbiParameters` ](/docs/abi/parseAbiParameters)

## Configuring Internal Types

For advanced use-cases, you may want to configure viem's internal types. Most of viem's types relating to ABIs and EIP-712 Typed Data are powered by [ABIType](https://abitype.dev). See ABIType's [documentation](https://abitype.dev/config) for more info on how to configure types.

## `window` Polyfill

By importing the `viem/window` Polyfill, the global `window.ethereum` will typed as an [`EIP1193Provider`](https://github.com/wagmi-dev/viem/blob/4bdbf15be0d61b52a195e11c97201e707fb616cc/src/types/eip1193.ts#L24-L26) (including a fully-typed `request` function & typed events).

```ts twoslash
// @twoslash-cache: {"v":2,"hash":"8e1eaf8f0dd93e8e638d48db2bdd849190ddd42ed38d7fd9e28bcbcfa9fda68b","data":"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="}
// @noErrors
import 'viem/window';

const hash = await window.ethereum.request({
  method: 'e 
//          ^|
})


const hash = await window.ethereum.request({
  method: 'eth_getTransactionByHash',
  params: [
//     ^?
})
```